Roadmap on perovskite light-emitting diodes
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Abstract In recent years, the field of metal-halide perovskite emitters has rapidly emerged as a new community in solid-state lighting. Their exceptional optoelectronic properties have contributed to the rapid rise in external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) from <1% (in 2014) to over 30% (in 2023) across a wide range of wavelengths. However, several challenges still hinder their commercialization, including the relatively low EQEs of blue/white devices, limited EQEs in large-area devices, poor device stability, as well as the toxicity of the easily accessible lead components and the solvents used in the synthesis and processing of PeLEDs. This roadmap addresses the current and future challenges in PeLEDs across fundamental and applied research areas, by sharing the community’s perspectives. This work will provide the field with practical guidelines to advance PeLED development and facilitate more rapid commercialization.
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Acknowledgements: Support as part of the Center for Hybrid Organic Inorganic Semiconductors for Energy, an Energy Frontier Research Center, funded by the Office of Science within the US Department of Energy is acknowledged. This work was authored in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. The views expressed in this document do not necessarily represents the views of the DOE or the U.S. Government. This work was also supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (2022R1C1C1008282).
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Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (2019B1515120023)
National Science Foundation (ECCS-1807397)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Z210018)
National Key Research and Development Program for Young Scientists (2021YFB3601700)
Dongguan Innovative Research Team Program (2018607201002)
Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2016B090906003, 2016TX03C175)
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC36-08GO28308)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFA0705900, 2022YFA1204800)
Science & Engineering Research Board (SB/SJF/2020-21/02)
DARPA (N66001-20-1-4052)
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory (2020B1212030010)
Royal Society and Tata Group (UF150033)
Development of smart chemical materials for IoT devices (KRICT SI 1921-20)
National Research Foundation of Korea (2020R1A2C3008111, 2022R1C1C1008282, NRF-2022K1A4A8A02080275)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2072020075, 30920041117)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (12374385, 22075277, 51625301, 51861145301, 52131304, 52302201, 61725402, 62004101, 62175226, 62234004, 91733302, U2005212)
Spanish State Research Agency (PID2020-117371RA-I00, TED2021-131628A-I00)
Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (RYC2018-026103-I)
Hong Kong Research Grant Council (11314122, 16205321, 16214619)
Royal Academy of Engineering (RF \201718\1701)
European Research Council (756962)
H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (2020B1212030010)
Xunta de Galicia (ED431F2021/05)
UK Research and Innovation (EP/X027465/1)
University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province (GXXT-2022-009)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2023A1515030004)