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Physics-inspired machine learning of localized intensive properties.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Repository DOI


Type

Article

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Abstract

Machine learning (ML) has been widely applied to chemical property prediction, most prominently for the energies and forces in molecules and materials. The strong interest in predicting energies in particular has led to a 'local energy'-based paradigm for modern atomistic ML models, which ensures size-extensivity and a linear scaling of computational cost with system size. However, many electronic properties (such as excitation energies or ionization energies) do not necessarily scale linearly with system size and may even be spatially localized. Using size-extensive models in these cases can lead to large errors. In this work, we explore different strategies for learning intensive and localized properties, using HOMO energies in organic molecules as a representative test case. In particular, we analyze the pooling functions that atomistic neural networks use to predict molecular properties, and suggest an orbital weighted average (OWA) approach that enables the accurate prediction of orbital energies and locations.

Description

Keywords

34 Chemical Sciences, 3406 Physical Chemistry, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, Bioengineering, Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD), 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Journal Title

Chem Sci

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2041-6520
2041-6539

Volume Title

14

Publisher

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
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