A RAD51 assay feasible in routine tumor samples calls PARP inhibitor response beyond BRCA mutation.


Type
Article
Change log
Authors
Castroviejo-Bermejo, Marta 
Cruz, Cristina 
Llop-Guevara, Alba 
Gutiérrez-Enríquez, Sara 
Ducy, Mandy 
Abstract

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are effective in cancers with defective homologous recombination DNA repair (HRR), including BRCA1/2-related cancers. A test to identify additional HRR-deficient tumors will help to extend their use in new indications. We evaluated the activity of the PARPi olaparib in patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) from breast cancer (BC) patients and investigated mechanisms of sensitivity through exome sequencing, BRCA1 promoter methylation analysis, and immunostaining of HRR proteins, including RAD51 nuclear foci. In an independent BC PDX panel, the predictive capacity of the RAD51 score and the homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) score were compared. To examine the clinical feasibility of the RAD51 assay, we scored archival breast tumor samples, including PALB2-related hereditary cancers. The RAD51 score was highly discriminative of PARPi sensitivity versus PARPi resistance in BC PDXs and outperformed the genomic test. In clinical samples, all PALB2-related tumors were classified as HRR-deficient by the RAD51 score. The functional biomarker RAD51 enables the identification of PARPi-sensitive BC and broadens the population who may benefit from this therapy beyond BRCA1/2-related cancers.

Description
Keywords
BRCA1, PALB2, PARP inhibitors, RAD51, homologous recombination, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Biomarkers, Tumor, Breast Neoplasms, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Female, Heterografts, Homologous Recombination, Humans, Mice, Phthalazines, Piperazines, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors, Rad51 Recombinase
Journal Title
EMBO Mol Med
Conference Name
Journal ISSN
1757-4676
1757-4684
Volume Title
10
Publisher
EMBO
Sponsorship
Cancer Research UK (unknown)
Cancer Research UK (unknown)
Cancer Research UK (unknown)
Cancer Research UK (unknown)
Cancer Research UK (unknown)
Cancer Research Uk (None)
Cancer Research UK (unknown)
Cancer Research UK (60098573)
Cancer Research UK (unknown)
Cancer Research UK (CB4140)
Cancer Research UK (20544)
European Commission Horizon 2020 (H2020) Research Infrastructures (RI) (731105)