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Subcellular and supracellular mechanical stress prescribes cytoskeleton behavior in Arabidopsis cotyledon pavement cells.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Sampathkumar, Arun 
Krupinski, Pawel 
Milani, Pascale 
Berquand, Alexandre 

Abstract

Although it is a central question in biology, how cell shape controls intracellular dynamics largely remains an open question. Here, we show that the shape of Arabidopsis pavement cells creates a stress pattern that controls microtubule orientation, which then guides cell wall reinforcement. Live-imaging, combined with modeling of cell mechanics, shows that microtubules align along the maximal tensile stress direction within the cells, and atomic force microscopy demonstrates that this leads to reinforcement of the cell wall parallel to the microtubules. This feedback loop is regulated: cell-shape derived stresses could be overridden by imposed tissue level stresses, showing how competition between subcellular and supracellular cues control microtubule behavior. Furthermore, at the microtubule level, we identified an amplification mechanism in which mechanical stress promotes the microtubule response to stress by increasing severing activity. These multiscale feedbacks likely contribute to the robustness of microtubule behavior in plant epidermis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01967.001.

Description

Keywords

biomechanics, cell wall, computational modeling, cytoskeleton, microtubule, Arabidopsis, Cell Shape, Computer Simulation, Cotyledon, Cytoskeleton, Feedback, Physiological, Mechanotransduction, Cellular, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Microscopy, Video, Microtubules, Models, Biological, Stress, Mechanical, Time Factors

Journal Title

Elife

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2050-084X
2050-084X

Volume Title

3

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd