Manchu Amban’s Comment on Buddhism in Hobogsair
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After the Torghuts migrated eastward to Hobogsair from the Volga region, Buddhism gained prominence once again. It was not only supported by the Manchu governments for the Torghuts, but the Torghut leaders themselves invited Buddha and lamas from Tibet over the following two hundred years. During this period, particularly in Shar Noyan’s era where they were frequently plundered by outsiders such as Kazakhs and Muslim groups, the number of monks in Hobogsair exceeded 1300. This included 500 monks in the Wang Banner Monastery, 370 monks in Jasag Banner Monastery, and 380 monks in Ikh Khüree Monastery of Jurgan Sum Banner. In observing their weaknesses in facing invaders from outside, and the substantial number of lamas and the scale of monasteries in Hobogsair, the Manchu Amban in Tarbagatai expressed his sympathy and regret that it was a pity for the Torghuts. The Amban said that if the Torghuts pocessed 1300 soldiers rather than lamas, they would have avoided the hardship caused by Kazakh bandits from the Altai region and protected their livestock more effectively. The strongest descendants of the Torghuts had all found their way into monasteries, leaving their lands vulnerable to external invaders.