GABA, not BOLD, reveals dissociable learning-dependent plasticity mechanisms in the human brain.

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cam.issuedOnline2018-10-25
datacite.issourceof.doi10.17863/CAM.30241
dc.contributor.authorFrangou, Polytimi
dc.contributor.authorCorreia, Marta
dc.contributor.authorKourtzi, Zoe
dc.contributor.orcidFrangou, Polytimi [0000-0003-3524-0306]
dc.contributor.orcidCorreia, Marta [0000-0002-3231-7040]
dc.contributor.orcidKourtzi, Zoe [0000-0001-9441-7832]
dc.date.accessioned2018-12-18T00:33:19Z
dc.date.available2018-12-18T00:33:19Z
dc.date.issued2018-10-25
dc.description.abstractExperience and training have been shown to facilitate our ability to extract and discriminate meaningful patterns from cluttered environments. Yet, the human brain mechanisms that mediate our ability to learn by suppressing noisy and irrelevant signals remain largely unknown. To test the role of suppression in perceptual learning, we combine fMRI with MR Spectroscopy measurements of GABA, as fMRI alone does not allow us to discern inhibitory vs. excitatory mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that task-dependent GABAergic inhibition relates to functional brain plasticity and behavioral improvement. Specifically, GABAergic inhibition in the occipito-temporal cortex relates to dissociable learning mechanisms: decreased GABA for noise filtering, while increased GABA for feature template retuning. Perturbing cortical excitability during training with tDCs alters performance in a task-specific manner, providing evidence for a direct link between suppression and behavioral improvement. Our findings propose dissociable GABAergic mechanisms that optimize our ability to make perceptual decisions through training.
dc.format.mediumElectronic
dc.identifier.doi10.17863/CAM.34437
dc.identifier.eissn2050-084X
dc.identifier.issn2050-084X
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/287128
dc.languageeng
dc.publishereLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
dc.publisher.urlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.35854
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectbrain plasticity
dc.subjectfunctional MRI
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectmagnetic resonance spectroscopy
dc.subjectneuroscience
dc.subjectvisual learning
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectGABAergic Neurons
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectLearning
dc.subjectMagnetic Resonance Imaging
dc.subjectMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectNeural Inhibition
dc.subjectNeuronal Plasticity
dc.subjectOccipital Lobe
dc.subjectPerception
dc.subjectTemporal Lobe
dc.subjectYoung Adult
dc.subjectgamma-Aminobutyric Acid
dc.titleGABA, not BOLD, reveals dissociable learning-dependent plasticity mechanisms in the human brain.
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.dateAccepted2018-09-09
prism.publicationDate2018
prism.publicationNameElife
prism.volume7
pubs.funder-project-idEuropean Commission (290011)
pubs.funder-project-idAlan Turing Institute (EP/N510129/1)
pubs.funder-project-idBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/P021255/1)
pubs.funder-project-idWellcome Trust (205067/Z/16/Z)
pubs.funder-project-idLeverhulme Trust (RF-2011-378)
pubs.funder-project-idMedical Research Council (MC_UU_00005/14)
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2018-10-25
rioxxterms.licenseref.urihttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Review
rioxxterms.versionVoR
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.7554/eLife.35854
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