Knowledge of the later prehistoric Maghreb is critically slight yet, without it, explanations of long-term Mediterranean and African social dynamics and interactions remain incomplete. Least understood is the period 4000-1000 BC, following the introduction of domesticates, prior to Phoenician networks, and contemporary with dramatic changes elsewhere around the Mediterranean. New evidence from Oued Beht in northwest Morocco reveals a hitherto unknown farming society at ca. 3400-2900 BC, the earliest known in Africa beyond the Nile and with connections to Iberia. Surface investigations define pottery and lithics over 9-10 ha. Excavations identify numerous pits, one confirmed to contain remains of domesticated crops and animals.