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A novel approach to finding conserved features in low-variability gene alignments characterises RNA motifs in SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Authors

Skittrall, Jordan P 
Irigoyen, Nerea 
Brierley, Ian 
Gog, Julia R 

Abstract

Collections of genetic sequences belonging to related organisms contain information on the evolutionary constraints to which the organisms have been subjected. Heavily constrained regions can be investigated to understand their roles in an organism's life cycle, and drugs can be sought to disrupt these roles. In organisms with low genetic diversity, such as newly-emerged pathogens, it is key to obtain this information early to develop new treatments. Here, we present methods that ensure we can leverage all the information available in a low-signal, low-noise set of sequences, to find contiguous regions of relatively conserved nucleic acid. We demonstrate the application of these methods by analysing over 5 million genome sequences of the recently-emerged RNA virus SARS-CoV-2 and correlating these results with an analysis of 119 genome sequences of SARS-CoV. We propose the precise location of a previously described packaging signal, and discuss explanations for other regions of high conservation.

Description

Keywords

Humans, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Nucleotide Motifs, Sequence Alignment, Genome, Viral, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus

Journal Title

Sci Rep

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2045-2322
2045-2322

Volume Title

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Sponsorship
Mason Medical Research Trust (Unknown)
BBSRC (BB/V000306/1)
NIHR Clinical Lecturer programme Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (grant number G105439) Mason Medical Research Foundation