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DeepZipper. II. Searching for Lensed Supernovae in Dark Energy Survey Data with Deep Learning

Published version
Peer-reviewed

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Abstract

jats:titleAbstract</jats:title> jats:pGravitationally lensed supernovae (LSNe) are important probes of cosmic expansion, but they remain rare and difficult to find. Current cosmic surveys likely contain 5–10 LSNe in total while next-generation experiments are expected to contain several hundred to a few thousand of these systems. We search for these systems in observed Dark Energy Survey (DES) five year SN fields—10 3 sq. deg. regions of sky imaged in the jats:italicgriz</jats:italic> bands approximately every six nights over five years. To perform the search, we utilize the DeepZipper approach: a multi-branch deep learning architecture trained on image-level simulations of LSNe that simultaneously learns spatial and temporal relationships from time series of images. We find that our method obtains an LSN recall of 61.13% and a false-positive rate of 0.02% on the DES SN field data. DeepZipper selected 2245 candidates from a magnitude-limited (jats:italicm</jats:italic> jats:sub jats:italici</jats:italic> </jats:sub> < 22.5) catalog of 3,459,186 systems. We employ human visual inspection to review systems selected by the network and find three candidate LSNe in the DES SN fields.</jats:p>

Description

Keywords

5109 Space Sciences, 5107 Particle and High Energy Physics, 5101 Astronomical Sciences, 51 Physical Sciences, 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Journal Title

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0004-637X
1538-4357

Volume Title

Publisher

American Astronomical Society
Sponsorship
National Science Foundation (NSF) (1744555)