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Modified HEK cells simulate DCT cells in their sensitivity and response to changes in extracellular K.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Authors

Murthy, Meena 
O'Shaughnessy, Kevin M  ORCID logo  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1476-7566

Abstract

A potassium (K+ ) rich diet is known to have an antihypertensive effect that has been embodied by the NHLBI in the DASH diet. However, the molecular basis for this blood pressure-lowering effect has been unclear, until a recent study proposed a model in which the DCT cells of the kidney regulate their salt transport in response to variations in intracellular chloride ([Cl- ]i ), which are directly regulated by serum K+ . With the knowledge that WNK proteins are Cl- sensors, and are a part of the WNK/SPAK/NCC signaling cascade which regulates the NCC, the main salt transporter in the distal nephron, we examined the effect of serum K+ on the ([Cl- ]i ) and, in turn its effect on the WNK4 signaling pathway in a "modified HEK 293T" cell line. Using a fluorescence-based approach in this cell line, we have shown that the membrane potential of the cell membrane is sensitive to the small changes in external KCl within the physiological range (2-5 mM), thus functioning as a K+ electrode. When the extracellular K+ was progressively increased (2-5 mM), the membrane depolarization lead to a subsequent increase in [Cl- ]i measured by fluorescence quenching of an intracellular chloride sensor. Increase in extracellular [K] resulted in a decrease in the phosphorylation of the WNK4 protein and its downstream targets, SPAK and NCC. This confirms that small changes in serum K can affect WNK4/SPAK/NCC signaling and transcellular Na+ flux through the DCT and provide a possible mechanism by which a K-rich DASH diet could reduce blood pressure.

Description

Keywords

NCC, SPAK kinase, WNK kinases, chloride sensing domain, potassium, Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Extracellular Fluid, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Kidney Tubules, Distal, Membrane Potentials, Mice, Potassium Chloride

Journal Title

Physiol Rep

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2051-817X
2051-817X

Volume Title

7

Publisher

Wiley
Sponsorship
British Heart Foundation (PG/17/80/33343)
British Heart Foundation (None)
This work was supported by the British Heart Foundation (Grant PG/17/80/33343).