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Neuronal regulation of bone marrow stem cell niches.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

Méndez-Ferrer, Simón 

Abstract

The bone marrow (BM) is the primary site of postnatal hematopoiesis and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. The BM HSC niche is an essential microenvironment which evolves and responds to the physiological demands of HSCs. It is responsible for orchestrating the fate of HSCs and tightly regulates the processes that occur in the BM, including self-renewal, quiescence, engraftment, and lineage differentiation. However, the BM HSC niche is disturbed following hematological stress such as hematological malignancies, ionizing radiation, and chemotherapy, causing the cellular composition to alter and remodeling to occur. Consequently, hematopoietic recovery has been the focus of many recent studies and elucidating these mechanisms has great biological and clinical relevance, namely to exploit these mechanisms as a therapeutic treatment for hematopoietic malignancies and improve regeneration following BM injury. The sympathetic nervous system innervates the BM niche and regulates the migration of HSCs in and out of the BM under steady state. However, recent studies have investigated how sympathetic innervation and signaling are dysregulated under stress and the subsequent effect they have on hematopoiesis. Here, we provide an overview of distinct BM niches and how they contribute to HSC regulatory processes with a particular focus on neuronal regulation of HSCs under steady state and stress hematopoiesis.

Description

Keywords

adrenergic, autonomic nervous system, cholinergic, hematopoietic stem cell, niche, Bone Marrow, Cell Differentiation, Hematopoiesis, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Stem Cell Niche

Journal Title

F1000Res

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2046-1402
2046-1402

Volume Title

9

Publisher

F1000 Research Ltd
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (203151/Z/16/Z)
European Research Council (648765)
NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT)
Cancer Research UK (C61367/A26670)
Cancer Research UK (A27831)
Medical Research Council (MC_PC_12009)
Medical Research Council (MC_PC_17230)
MRC (MR/V005421/1)
Cancer Research UK (26670)