jats:titleAbstract</jats:title>jats:pThis paper presents the muon momentum calibration and performance studies for the ATLAS detector based on the jats:italicpp</jats:italic> collisions data sample produced at jats:inline-formulajats:alternativesjats:tex-math$$\sqrt{s}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> mml:msqrt mml:mis</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> = 13 TeV at the LHC during Run 2 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 jats:inline-formulajats:alternativesjats:tex-math$${\textrm{fb}}^{-1}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> mml:msup mml:mrow mml:mtextfb</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> mml:mrow mml:mo-</mml:mo> mml:mn1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula>. An innovative approach is used to correct for potential charge-dependent momentum biases related to the knowledge of the detector geometry, using the jats:inline-formulajats:alternativesjats:tex-math$$Z\rightarrow \mu ^{+}\mu ^{-}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> mml:mrow mml:miZ</mml:mi> mml:mo→</mml:mo> mml:msup mml:miμ</mml:mi> mml:mo+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> mml:msup mml:miμ</mml:mi> mml:mo-</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> resonance. The muon momentum scale and resolution are measured using samples of jats:inline-formulajats:alternativesjats:tex-math$$J/\psi \rightarrow \mu ^{+}\mu ^{-}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> mml:mrow mml:miJ</mml:mi> mml:mo/</mml:mo> mml:miψ</mml:mi> mml:mo→</mml:mo> mml:msup mml:miμ</mml:mi> mml:mo+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> mml:msup mml:miμ</mml:mi> mml:mo-</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> and jats:inline-formulajats:alternativesjats:tex-math$$Z\rightarrow \mu ^{+}\mu ^{-}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> mml:mrow mml:miZ</mml:mi> mml:mo→</mml:mo> mml:msup mml:miμ</mml:mi> mml:mo+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> mml:msup mml:miμ</mml:mi> mml:mo-</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> events. A calibration procedure is defined and applied to simulated data to match the performance measured in real data. The calibration is validated using an independent sample of jats:inline-formulajats:alternativesjats:tex-math$$\Upsilon \rightarrow \mu ^{+}\mu ^{-}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> mml:mrow mml:miΥ</mml:mi> mml:mo→</mml:mo> mml:msup mml:miμ</mml:mi> mml:mo+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> mml:msup mml:miμ</mml:mi> mml:mo-</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> events. At the jats:italicZ</jats:italic>jats:inline-formulajats:alternativesjats:tex-math$$(J/\psi )$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> mml:mrow mml:mo(</mml:mo> mml:miJ</mml:mi> mml:mo/</mml:mo> mml:miψ</mml:mi> mml:mo)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> peak, the momentum scale is measured with an uncertainty at the 0.05% (0.1%) level, and the resolution is measured with an uncertainty at the 1.5% (2%) level. The charge-dependent bias is removed with a dedicated in situ correction for momenta up to 450 GeV with a precision better than 0.03 jats:inline-formulajats:alternativesjats:tex-math$${\textrm{TeV}}^{-1}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> mml:msup mml:mrow mml:mtextTeV</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> mml:mrow mml:mo-</mml:mo> mml:mn1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula>.</jats:p>