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The virtuous cycle of axon growth: Axonal transport of growth-promoting machinery as an intrinsic determinant of axon regeneration

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cam.issuedOnline2018-07-10
dc.contributor.authorPetrova, Veselina
dc.contributor.authorEva, R
dc.contributor.orcidPetrova, Veselina [0000-0002-5593-0198]
dc.contributor.orcidEva, Richard [0000-0003-0305-0452]
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-09T10:41:11Z
dc.date.available2018-10-09T10:41:11Z
dc.date.issued2018-10
dc.description.abstractInjury to the brain and spinal cord has devastating consequences because adult central nervous system (CNS) axons fail to regenerate. Injury to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has a better prognosis, because adult PNS neurons support robust axon regeneration over long distances. CNS axons have some regenerative capacity during development, but this is lost with maturity. Two reasons for the failure of CNS regeneration are extrinsic inhibitory molecules, and a weak intrinsic capacity for growth. Extrinsic inhibitory molecules have been well characterised, but less is known about the neuron-intrinsic mechanisms which prevent axon re-growth. Key signalling pathways and genetic / epigenetic factors have been identified which can enhance regenerative capacity, but the precise cellular mechanisms mediating their actions have not been characterised. Recent studies suggest that an important prerequisite for regeneration is an efficient supply of growth-promoting machinery to the axon, however this appears to be lacking from non-regenerative axons in the adult CNS. In the first part of this review, we summarise the evidence linking axon transport to axon regeneration. We discuss the developmental decline in axon regeneration capacity in the CNS, and comment on how this is paralleled by a similar decline in the selective axonal transport of regeneration-associated receptors such as integrins and growth factor receptors. In the second part, we discuss the mechanisms regulating selective polarised transport within neurons, how these relate to the intrinsic control of axon regeneration, and whether they can be targeted to enhance regenerative capacity.
dc.description.sponsorshipERA‐NET Neuron International Foundation for Research in Paraplegia Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation. Grant Numbers: JFC‐2013(3), JFC‐2013(4) Gates Cambridge Trust Medical Research Council. Grant Numbers: G1000864 018556, MR/R004463/1
dc.identifier.doi10.17863/CAM.30615
dc.identifier.eissn1932-846X
dc.identifier.issn1932-846X
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283249
dc.languageeng
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons Inc.
dc.publisher.urlhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/dneu.22608
dc.subjectCNS development
dc.subjectaxon regeneration
dc.subjectaxon transport
dc.subjectintegrin
dc.subjectneuronal membrane trafficking
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectAxonal Transport
dc.subjectAxons
dc.subjectBrain Injuries
dc.subjectCentral Nervous System
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectIntegrins
dc.subjectNerve Regeneration
dc.subjectSpinal Cord Injuries
dc.titleThe virtuous cycle of axon growth: Axonal transport of growth-promoting machinery as an intrinsic determinant of axon regeneration
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.dateAccepted2018-05-25
prism.publicationNameDevelopmental Neurobiology
pubs.funder-project-idChristopher & Dana Reeve Foundation (JFC-2007(1))
pubs.funder-project-idMedical Research Council (G1000864)
pubs.funder-project-idMedical Research Council (MR/R004463/1)
pubs.funder-project-idMedical Research Council (MR/R004544/1)
pubs.funder-project-idMRC (G1000864)
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2018-05-25
rioxxterms.licenseref.urihttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Review
rioxxterms.versionAM
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.1002/dneu.22608

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