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Metabolic Activation of Benzo[a]pyrene by Human Tissue Organoid Cultures.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Caipa Garcia, Angela L 
Kucab, Jill E 
Al-Serori, Halh 
Beck, Rebekah SS 
Fischer, Franziska 

Abstract

Organoids are 3D cultures that to some extent reproduce the structure, composition and function of the mammalian tissues from which they derive, thereby creating in vitro systems with more in vivo-like characteristics than 2D monocultures. Here, the ability of human organoids derived from normal gastric, pancreas, liver, colon and kidney tissues to metabolise the environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was investigated. While organoids from the different tissues showed varied cytotoxic responses to BaP, with gastric and colon organoids being the most susceptible, the xenobiotic-metabolising enzyme (XME) genes, CYP1A1 and NQO1, were highly upregulated in all organoid types, with kidney organoids having the highest levels. Furthermore, the presence of two key metabolites, BaP-t-7,8-dihydrodiol and BaP-tetrol-l-1, was detected in all organoid types, confirming their ability to metabolise BaP. BaP bioactivation was confirmed both by the activation of the DNA damage response pathway (induction of p-p53, pCHK2, p21 and γ-H2AX) and by DNA adduct formation. Overall, pancreatic and undifferentiated liver organoids formed the highest levels of DNA adducts. Colon organoids had the lowest responses in DNA adduct and metabolite formation, as well as XME expression. Additionally, high-throughput RT-qPCR explored differences in gene expression between organoid types after BaP treatment. The results demonstrate the potential usefulness of organoids for studying environmental carcinogenesis and genetic toxicology.

Description

Keywords

3D culture, CYP1A1, DNA adducts, DNA damage response, NQO1, RT-qPCR, benzo[a]pyrene, carcinogen, human tissue organoid, Humans, Activation, Metabolic, Benzo(a)pyrene, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1, DNA Adducts, Liver, Organoids

Journal Title

Int J Mol Sci

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1661-6596
1422-0067

Volume Title

24

Publisher

MDPI AG
Sponsorship
Cancer Research UK (C98/A24032)
Medical Research Council (MR/N013700/1)