A one-pot route to tunable sugar-derived sulfonated carbon catalysts for sustainable production of biodiesel by fatty acid esterification
dc.contributor.author | Rokhum, SL | |
dc.contributor.author | Changmai, B | |
dc.contributor.author | Kress, Thomas | |
dc.contributor.author | Wheatley, Andrew | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-12-09T00:30:05Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-12-09T00:30:05Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022-01 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0960-1481 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/331273 | |
dc.description.abstract | Carbon-based solid acid catalysts possessing up to 1.29 mmol g-1 –SO3H active centers were synthesized from glucose via an efficient one-pot hydrothermal carbonization-sulfonation without the need for high temperatures. Catalysts combined aromatic structure with hydrophilic –OH and –COOH groups and a high density of –SO3H centers (up to a total acid density of 5.31 mmol g-1). The level of –SO3H (0.81-1.29 mmol g-1) proved synthetically tunable. The relevance of the catalyst to the production of more sustainable fuels was tested using oleic acid (a free fatty acid whose esterification can be employed as a model for biodiesel production). Optimizing catalyst and conditions (20:1 MeOH:oleic acid molar ratio, 5 wt. % catalyst loading wrt oleic acid, 80 °C, 120 min.) enabled oleic acid esterification to the corresponding methyl oleate (a biodiesel component) with 97.50.4% conversion and a low 37.6 kJ mol-1 activation energy. Activity loss upon re-use of the catalyst was proved to be by de-sulfonation and could be completely reversed. Hence, re-sulfonation of spent catalyst by a one-step process again delivered a 97.4+/-0.5 % conversion of oleic acid. | |
dc.publisher | Elsevier BV | |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International | |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
dc.title | A one-pot route to tunable sugar-derived sulfonated carbon catalysts for sustainable production of biodiesel by fatty acid esterification | |
dc.type | Article | |
dc.publisher.department | Department of Chemistry | |
dc.date.updated | 2021-12-03T12:38:30Z | |
prism.publicationName | Renewable Energy | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.17863/CAM.78720 | |
dcterms.dateAccepted | 2021-12-01 | |
rioxxterms.versionofrecord | 10.1016/j.renene.2021.12.001 | |
rioxxterms.version | AM | |
dc.contributor.orcid | Rokhum, SL [0000-0001-8820-569X] | |
dc.contributor.orcid | Kress, Thomas [0000-0001-9133-4310] | |
dc.contributor.orcid | Wheatley, Andrew [0000-0002-2624-6063] | |
dc.identifier.eissn | 1879-0682 | |
rioxxterms.type | Journal Article/Review | |
pubs.funder-project-id | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/P030467/1) | |
cam.orpheus.success | Tue Feb 01 19:02:23 GMT 2022 - Embargo updated | * |
cam.depositDate | 2021-12-03 | |
pubs.licence-identifier | apollo-deposit-licence-2-1 | |
pubs.licence-display-name | Apollo Repository Deposit Licence Agreement | |
rioxxterms.freetoread.startdate | 2023-01-31 |
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