README

Pore Network Tortuosity Controls Fast-Charging in Supercapacitors Thomas Kress1, Xinyu Liu1, Alexander C. Forse 1* 1 Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

• Corresponding author Thomas Kress: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-4310 Xinyu Liu: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-3517
• Alexander C. Forse, acf50@cam.ac.uk, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9592-9821

This repository contains the datasets and MATLAB scripts used to analyze and generate the figures for the study.

DATA OVERVIEW • data_tortuosity.csv: Processed dataset corresponding to Table S1. Can be opened directly in Excel. • Electrochemistry/ : Contains electrochemistry data (.txt format). Includes retention_data.xlsx. Processed with ratecapability.m. • NMR/ : Contains raw and processed NMR data in TopSpin format. Can be opened in TopSpin or read directly in MATLAB. • Gas Sorption/ : Contains pore size distributions (Quantachrome format). SSA.xlsx contains surface area data.

MATLAB SCRIPTS All MATLAB scripts are located in the Matlab/ directory.

Diffusion–Tortuosity (Matlab/Diffusion-Tortuosity/): • fitDOSY.m : Fits DOSY data • diff_1d_overlay.m : Overlay plots for 1D diffusion profiles • dosy_vs_zg.m : DOSY vs gradient strength, generates Figure S5 • dosy_vs_zg_max.m : DOSY vs max gradient, generates Figure S6 • tortuosity_exportSI.m : Export tortuosity results, generates Figure S8 • tortuosity_parpooll.m : Tortuosity analysis with parallelization, generates Figures S10 and S12 • gradient_calibration.m : Performs gradient calibration • loadDOSY.m : Utility, loads DOSY datasets • import_difflist.m : Utility, imports diffusion lists • readacqus.m : Utility, reads acquisition parameters • spin.m : Utility, processing function • rbnmr.m : Utility, NMR data handling

Note: Some plots generated by these scripts are saved in Matlab/Diffusion-Tortuosity/Plots/

Gas Sorption (Matlab/Gas Sorption/): • PSD2.m : Calculates micropore and mesopore specific surface areas (SSA) from gas sorption PSD data

Electrochemistry (Matlab/Electrochemistry/): • ratecapability.m : Processes rate capability data, generates Figure S1

NOTES • Scripts either process raw data and/or generate figures • The final processed datasets are compiled in data_tortuosity.csv