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Preserved T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in anti-CD20 treated multiple sclerosis.

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cam.depositDate2022-06-24
cam.issuedOnline2022-05-14
dc.contributor.authorSchwarz, Tatjana
dc.contributor.authorOtto, Carolin
dc.contributor.authorJones, Terry C
dc.contributor.authorPache, Florence
dc.contributor.authorSchindler, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorNiederschweiberer, Moritz
dc.contributor.authorSchmidt, Felix A
dc.contributor.authorDrosten, Christian
dc.contributor.authorCorman, Victor M
dc.contributor.authorRuprecht, Klemens
dc.contributor.orcidJones, Terry C [0000-0003-1120-9531]
dc.contributor.orcidCorman, Victor M [0000-0002-3605-0136]
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-24T23:31:04Z
dc.date.available2022-06-24T23:31:04Z
dc.date.issued2022-06
dc.date.updated2022-06-24T10:10:13Z
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Optimal management of anti-CD20-treated patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) is an important clinical task during the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. OBJECTIVES: To characterize humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations/infections in a longitudinal cohort of anti-CD20 treated (n = 175) and anti-CD20 therapy-naïve (n = 41) pwMS. METHODS: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA, virus neutralizing capacity, IgG avidity and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were determined. RESULTS: Following two SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, not only SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG and IgA, but also neutralizing capacity and avidity of SARS-CoV-2 IgG were lower in anti-CD20-treated (n = 51) than in anti-CD20 therapy-naïve pwMS (n = 14) and in healthy controls (HC, n = 19). However, in all anti-CD20-treated pwMS vaccinated twice (n = 26) or infected with SARS-CoV-2 (n = 2), in whom SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were measured, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detectable, at levels similar to those of twice-vaccinated anti-CD20 therapy-naïve pwMS (n = 7) and HC (n = 19). SARS-CoV-2-S1 IgG levels (r = 0.42, p = 0.002), antibody avidity (r = 0.7, p < 0.001), and neutralizing capacity (r = 0.44, p = 0.03) increased with time between anti-CD20 infusion and second vaccination. Based on detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, SARS-CoV-2 infections occurred in 4 out of 175 (2.3%) anti-CD20-treated pwMS, all of whom recovered fully. CONCLUSIONS: These findings should inform treatment decisions and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination management in pwMS.
dc.format.mediumPrint-Electronic
dc.identifier.doi10.17863/CAM.85774
dc.identifier.eissn1477-0970
dc.identifier.issn1352-4585
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/338365
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSAGE Publications
dc.publisher.urlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13524585221094478
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectMultiple sclerosis
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2
dc.subjectT cells
dc.subjectanti-CD20 therapy
dc.subjectantibodies
dc.subjectvaccination
dc.subjectAntibodies, Viral
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectCOVID-19 Vaccines
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectImmunoglobulin A
dc.subjectImmunoglobulin G
dc.subjectMultiple Sclerosis
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2
dc.subjectSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
dc.subjectT-Lymphocytes
dc.subjectVaccination
dc.titlePreserved T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in anti-CD20 treated multiple sclerosis.
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.dateAccepted2022-03-29
prism.endingPage1050
prism.issueIdentifier7
prism.numberARTN 13524585221094478
prism.publicationDate2022
prism.publicationNameMult Scler
prism.startingPage1041
prism.volume28
pubs.licence-display-nameApollo Repository Deposit Licence Agreement
pubs.licence-identifierapollo-deposit-licence-2-1
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Review
rioxxterms.versionVoR
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.1177/13524585221094478

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