During the Jungar Khanate period, people were administered by Otog units, totalling 24. My family originates from two brothers, Sechin Hashih and Tseven Hashih, and our Otog is Böhes. After the Qing Empire colonized the Jungar Khanate, they established Sum units above the Otog. My ancestor, Öljisaihan, was allocated to the Hürhelei Sum, pasturing around Muhur Jargalan, a place that now belongs to Togostaraa County. From about seventy households during the Manchu period, our lineage was decimated by the Dugan revolt of Muslims, and only three households survived: Lablai, Dorj, and Molai. While many refer to the revolt as a small-scale peasant uprising, it significantly impacted both Mongols and Manchus. According to a personal account from Baldan, about 120,000 Öölds living in Ili prior to the Dungan revolt, but no more than 30,000 Öölds survived the incidents. The revolt completely devastated the Manchu-Mongol societal foundation in Ili. It was the second devastating war for the Öölds in Ili after the Qing genocide a century ago. The late Qing era marked a period of decline for the Qing Empire, with the Opium War erupting on the east coast and the western border drawing the attention of Tsarist Russia and British powers. Internal uprisings were also a constant threat during this time. Subsequently, the scale of the Dungan revolt extended over the Tenger mountain and marched into the Ili region, resulting in widespread destruction and loss of life among the Mongol, Manchu, Solon Evenk, Chahar, and Sibe groups. The Qing troops, lacking adequate government salaries and warfare training, were swiftly overcome by the rebel forces. Another factor contributing to the revolt's growth was the mobilization of Muslim communities, who garnered support from certain religious groups while discriminating against others. It is therefore understandable why Ili fell prey to invasion by Tsarist Russia. As the Muslim factions gained momentum, rallying increasing numbers under the banner of establishing an independent Sultanate, they attracted 5000-6000 Kazakhs led by Tazaibekh from the Russian side. Russian officials sent formal requests to the Qing to repatriate these Kazakhs, but the Qing was unable to comply due to the close relationship between Tazaibekh and the Sultan. Moreover, the fertile basin of the Ili River, extending to Lake Balkhash, lay within Qing territory but was temporarily occupied by the Sultan and Tazaibekh. Therefore, Tsarist Russia seized the opportunity, using the pretext of quelling Muslim power, to invade the Ili region. Although Zuo Zongtang later travelled to Ili to negotiate with the Russians, the Qing Empire ceded over 90,000 square meters west of the Ili River to the Russians through an unequal treaty in 1884. In the same year, Qing officials were compelled to relocate the governor’s seat to Urumchi, which subsequently became the provincial capital of Xinjiang. During the Republican era, the remaining members of our family reunited and established a new kinship-based unit called Eleg. This tradition, which has persisted throughout history, sees relatives relying on a wealthy aristocracy and maintaining close connections with one another. However, the tradition of bone kinship held particular significance among the Öölds. A common saying, “Hürgend leg ügui, Güjeend chus ügui,” translates to a son-in-law lacks Eleg, and a rumen lacks blood, highlighting the importance of blood ties over marital connections. Delving into this kinship system, Bulgan researched genealogical records spanning various historical periods.