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Ignition and Extinction of Turbulent Flames

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  • ItemOpen Access
    Movie of ignition by a pre-chamber
    (2017-03-30) Allison, Patton; de Oliveira, Pedro; Mastorakos, E
    These movies show the development of a flame from a pre-chamber. This technology is used in natural-gas engine and the research aims to provide information of the structure of the ignition process. The movies are taken at 5.34kHz and monitor OH* chemilumiscence. The pre-chamber is filled with stoichiometric ethylene-air mixture, it is ignited by a focused 1064nm laser pulse, and the ensuing flame ignites the outer mixture. In one movie, there is fuel in the outer fluid, while in the other there isn't any fuel, demonstrating the jet flame only.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Experiments on flame blow-off
    (2012) Kariuki, James; Cavaliere, Davide Emiglio; Dawson, James; Mastorakos, Epaminondas
  • ItemOpen Access
    Large Eddy Simulations of extinction
    (2012-08-29) Ayache, S.; Garmory, A.; Tyliszczak, A.; Mastorakos, E.
  • ItemOpen Access
    SPINTHIR: An ignition model for gas turbines
    (2012-08-28) Neophytou, A; Mastorakos, E
  • ItemOpen Access
    Direct numerical simulations of spray spark ignition
    (Engineering Department, 2010-09-09T10:04:46Z) Neophytou, Alexandre; Cant, Stewart R.; Mastorakos, Epaminondas
    Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of a mono-disperse spray in a turbulent flow have been used to explore the nature of flame kernels when a spark is deposited in the spray. The simulations use complicated chemistry and are done with the code SENGA2, which has been used for a variety of other turbulent flame problems. For details, see: (i) A. Neophytou's PhD thesis; (ii) Neophytou, A, Mastorakos, E. and Cant, R. S. (2010) DNS of spark ignition and edge flame propagation in turbulent droplet-laden mixing layers. Combustion and Flame 157, 1071-1086. doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.01.019; (iii) Neophytou, A., Mastorakos, E. and Cant, R.S. (2011) Complex chemistry simulations of spark ignition in turbulent sprays. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 33, 2135-2142. doi:10.1016/j.proci.2010.06.022 ; (iv) Neophytou, A., Mastorakos, E. and Cant, R.S. (2012) The internal structure of igniting turbulent sprays as revealed by complex chemistry DNS. Combustion and Flame 159, 641-664. doi: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.08.024.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Autoignition of droplets in hot air flow
    (2010-09-09T09:41:46Z) Gordon, Robert; Mastorakos, Epaminondas
    A single-droplet generator has been used to inject fuel droplets of various sizes and chemical composition into a hot turbulent air flow. The ensuing autoignition and flame behaviour has been recorded with a fast camera. The title of the movie contains the fuel and the framing rate (frames per second). The "grid" refers to the size of the holes in the perforated plate used to produce the turbulence, while the frequency refers to the forcing frequency of the droplet generator. The work is described in: Gordon, R.L. and Mastorakos, E. (2012) Autoignition of monodisperse biodiesel and diesel sprays in turbulent flows. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 43, 40-46. doi: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2012.04.003
  • ItemOpen Access
    Ignition of spray flame with multiple spark
    (2009-05-25T09:58:29Z) Marchione, Teresa; Ahmed, Samer F.; Mastorakos, Epaminondas
    The movies have been taken at 4000 fps. The spark is placed at a distance z from the nozzle and at 5mm from the enclosure. The ignition unit delivers at 100Hz a spark lasting 8ms, followed by 2ms of no activity. The front and side views are shown. The main flow is from top to botton and the swirling flow from right to left (evident in the front view movies). The flame ignites a long time after the spark sequence has begun. The work is described in: T. Marchione, S.F. Ahmed, E. Mastorakos, "Ignition of turbulent swirling n-heptane spray flames using single and multiple sparks", Combustion and Flame 156 (2009) 166–180.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Autoignition of a H2 jet in hot air flow
    (2009-05-21T14:14:13Z) Markides, Christos N; Mastorakos, Epaminondas
    The movie (taken with a conventional video camera at 30fps) shows the various operation modes of the Cambridge Autoignition experiment, described in: C.N. Markides, E. Mastorakos, An experimental study of hydrogen autoignition in a turbulent co-flow of heated air, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 30 (2005) 883–891. The movie contains sound.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Ignition of bluff-body methane flames
    (2009-05-21T13:52:51Z) Ahmed, Samer F.; Marchione, Teresa; Balachandran, R.; Mastorakos, Epaminondas; Triantafyllidis, A.
    The movies show the ignition process following a spark in a bluff-body stabilised methane non-premixed flame. The flow is described in: S.F. Ahmed, R. Balachandran, T. Marchione, E. Mastorakos, Spark ignition of turbulent nonpremixed bluff-body flames, Combustion and Flame 151 (2007) 366–385 doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2007.06.012. The Large Eddy Simulation movie is due to A. Triantafyllidis; the paper will appear in Combustion and Flame (2009).
  • ItemOpen Access
    Flame in methane jet after spark ignition
    (2009-05-21T12:06:03Z) Ahmed, Samer F.; Mastorakos, Epaminondas
    The video shows the flame motion following spark ignition in a turbulent methane jet. The flow conditions were: 30% air, 70% CH4, jet velocity 12.5m/s & 25m/s, framing rate 4200 fps, spark at r=0, z=40d (40 jet diameters; d=5mm). For details, see: S.F. Ahmed, E. Mastorakos, Spark ignition of lifted turbulent jet flames, Combustion and Flame 146 (2006) 215–231. doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2006.03.007