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Micromagnetic modeling of magnetic domain walls in curved cylindrical nanotubes and nanowires

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Abstract

We investigate the effect of curvature on the energy and stability of domain wall configurations in curved cylindrical nanotubes and nanowires. We use micromagnetic simulations to calculate the phase diagram for the transverse wall (TW) and vortex wall (VW) states in tubes, finding the ground state configuration and the metastability region where both types of walls can exist. The introduction of curvature shifts the range for which the TW is the ground state domain wall to higher diameters, and increases the range of metastability. We interpret this behavior to be primarily due to the curvature-induced effective Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya term in the exchange energy. Furthermore, we demonstrate qualitatively the same behavior in solid cylindrical nanowires. Comparing both tubes and wires, we observe how while in tubes curvature tends to suppress the transformation from the TW to VW, in wires it promotes the transformation of the VW containing the Bloch point into the TW. These findings have important implications in the fundamental understanding of domain walls in 3D geometries, and the design of future domain wall devices.

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Keywords

cond-mat.mes-hall, cond-mat.mes-hall, physics.comp-ph

Journal Title

Applied Physics Letters

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0003-6951
1077-3118

Volume Title

118

Publisher

AIP Publishing

Rights

All rights reserved
Sponsorship
EPSRC (1819510)
Isaac Newton Trust (18.08(l))
Leverhulme Trust (ECF-2018-016)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L015978/1)
This work was supported by the EPSRC Cambridge NanoDTC EP/L015978/1, and the Winton Program for the Physics of Sustainability. L. Skoric acknowledges support from St Johns College of the University of Cambridge. C. Donnelly was supported by the Leverhulme Trust (ECF-2018-016), the Isaac Newton Trust (18-08) and the L'Or\'eal-UNESCO UK and Ireland Fellowship For Women In Science. A. Hierro-Rodriguez acknowledges support from Spanish AEI under project reference PID2019–104604RB/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. The authors acknowledge the University of Vienna research platform MMM Mathematics - Magnetism - Materials, and the FWF project I 4917.
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