Enrichment of SARM1 alleles encoding variants with constitutively hyperactive NADase in patients with ALS and other motor nerve disorders.
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Authors
Pipis, Menelaos
Estiar, Mehrdad A
Al-Chalabi, Ammar
Danzi, Matt C
van Eijk, Kristel R
Goutman, Stephen A
Harms, Matthew B
Houlden, Henry
Iacoangeli, Alfredo
Kaye, Julia
Lima, Leandro
Ravits, John
Rouleau, Guy A
Schüle, Rebecca
Xu, Jishu
Züchner, Stephan
Cooper-Knock, Johnathan
Reilly, Mary M
Publication Date
2021-11-19Journal Title
Elife
ISSN
2050-084X
Publisher
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Type
Article
This Version
VoR
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Gilley, J., Jackson, O., Pipis, M., Estiar, M. A., Al-Chalabi, A., Danzi, M. C., van Eijk, K. R., et al. (2021). Enrichment of SARM1 alleles encoding variants with constitutively hyperactive NADase in patients with ALS and other motor nerve disorders.. Elife https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.70905
Abstract
SARM1, a protein with critical NADase activity, is a central executioner in a conserved programme of axon degeneration. We report seven rare missense or in-frame microdeletion human SARM1 variant alleles in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or other motor nerve disorders that alter the SARM1 auto-inhibitory ARM domain and constitutively hyperactivate SARM1 NADase activity. The constitutive NADase activity of these seven variants is similar to that of SARM1 lacking the entire ARM domain and greatly exceeds the activity of wild-type SARM1, even in the presence of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), its physiological activator. This rise in constitutive activity alone is enough to promote neuronal degeneration in response to otherwise non-harmful, mild stress. Importantly, these strong gain-of-function alleles are completely patient-specific in the cohorts studied and show a highly significant association with disease at the single gene level. These findings of disease-associated coding variants that alter SARM1 function build on previously reported genome-wide significant association with ALS for a neighbouring, more common SARM1 intragenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to support a contributory role of SARM1 in these disorders. A broad phenotypic heterogeneity and variable age-of-onset of disease among patients with these alleles also raises intriguing questions about the pathogenic mechanism of hyperactive SARM1 variants.
Sponsorship
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/S009582/1)
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.70905
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/331005
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