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A hybrid stochastic Lagrangian – cellular automata framework for modelling fire propagation in inhomogeneous terrains

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Abstract

A stochastic model motivated by the Lagrangian transported probability density function method for turbulent reacting flows and the cellular automata approach for forest fires was put together to simulate propagation of fires in terrains with inhomogeneous composition. In contrast to the usual cellular automata models for fires where the probability of ignition is prescribed, here the ignition of cells is determined by a random walk that mimics turbulent convection and diffusion of the hot gases and firebrands from upwind and neighbouring fire fronts. Radiation is also included. The model is aimed at speed of computation while approximating the key physics through only a few terrain-related inputs and tunable parameters representing fire intensity, hot gas and ember decay timescales, cell ignition delay and local turbulence. These parameters were calibrated against controlled fire experiments and the model was then used to give reasonable predictions for fires of increasing complexity. The presented framework allows improvements for more accurate representation of the flammable material characteristics, fire-induced flow modifications, and most other phenomena present in fires, hence providing an extendable and simple yet physically-realistic novel modelling approach

Description

Keywords

Fire propagation, Cellular automaton, Random walk, Wildland-urban interface, Mati attica

Journal Title

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1540-7489
1873-2704

Volume Title

39

Publisher

Elsevier BV