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Skeletal muscle alterations in patients with acute Covid‐19 and post‐acute sequelae of Covid‐19

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cam.issuedOnline2022-01-07
dc.contributor.authorSoares, Madu N
dc.contributor.authorEggelbusch, Moritz
dc.contributor.authorNaddaf, Elie
dc.contributor.authorGerrits, Karin HL
dc.contributor.authorvan der Schaaf, Marike
dc.contributor.authorvan den Borst, Bram
dc.contributor.authorWiersinga, W Joost
dc.contributor.authorvan Vugt, Michele
dc.contributor.authorWeijs, Peter JM
dc.contributor.authorMurray, Andrew J
dc.contributor.authorWüst, Rob CI
dc.contributor.orcidEggelbusch, Moritz [0000-0002-4006-4063]
dc.contributor.orcidNaddaf, Elie [0000-0001-6212-1236]
dc.contributor.orcidvan den Borst, Bram [0000-0002-4597-2722]
dc.contributor.orcidWiersinga, W Joost [0000-0003-2277-1343]
dc.contributor.orcidvan Vugt, Michele [0000-0001-8365-2482]
dc.contributor.orcidWeijs, Peter JM [0000-0001-8281-0426]
dc.contributor.orcidMurray, Andrew J [0000-0002-0929-9315]
dc.contributor.orcidWüst, Rob CI [0000-0003-3781-5177]
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-10T12:51:02Z
dc.date.available2022-01-10T12:51:02Z
dc.date.issued2022-02
dc.date.submitted2021-07-15
dc.date.updated2022-01-10T12:51:01Z
dc.description.abstract<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Skeletal muscle‐related symptoms are common in both acute coronavirus disease (Covid)‐19 and post‐acute sequelae of Covid‐19 (PASC). In this narrative review, we discuss cellular and molecular pathways that are affected and consider these in regard to skeletal muscle involvement in other conditions, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, critical illness myopathy, and post‐viral fatigue syndrome. Patients with severe Covid‐19 and PASC suffer from skeletal muscle weakness and exercise intolerance. Histological sections present muscle fibre atrophy, metabolic alterations, and immune cell infiltration. Contributing factors to weakness and fatigue in patients with severe Covid‐19 include systemic inflammation, disuse, hypoxaemia, and malnutrition. These factors also contribute to post‐intensive care unit (ICU) syndrome and ICU‐acquired weakness and likely explain a substantial part of Covid‐19‐acquired weakness. The skeletal muscle weakness and exercise intolerance associated with PASC are more obscure. Direct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)‐2 viral infiltration into skeletal muscle or an aberrant immune system likely contribute. Similarities between skeletal muscle alterations in PASC and chronic fatigue syndrome deserve further study. Both SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific factors and generic consequences of acute disease likely underlie the observed skeletal muscle alterations in both acute Covid‐19 and PASC.</jats:p>
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
dc.identifier.doi10.17863/CAM.80006
dc.identifier.eissn2190-6009
dc.identifier.issn2190-5991
dc.identifier.otherjcsm12896
dc.identifier.otherjcsm-d-21-00426
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/332556
dc.languageen
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherWiley
dc.publisher.urlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12896
dc.subjectReview
dc.subjectReviews
dc.subjectCovid‐19
dc.subjectSkeletal muscle
dc.subjectInflammation
dc.subjectMuscle wasting
dc.subjectMetabolism
dc.titleSkeletal muscle alterations in patients with acute Covid‐19 and post‐acute sequelae of Covid‐19
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-11-22
prism.publicationNameJournal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
rioxxterms.licenseref.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
rioxxterms.versionVoR
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.1002/jcsm.12896

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