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Metabolic and Molecular Imaging with Hyperpolarised Tracers.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Type

Article

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Authors

Skinner, Jason Graham 
Menichetti, Luca 
Flori, Alessandra 
Dost, Anna 
Schmidt, Andreas Benjamin 

Abstract

Since reaching the clinic, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an irreplaceable radiological tool because of the macroscopic information it provides across almost all organs and soft tissues within the human body, all without the need for ionising radiation. The sensitivity of MR, however, is too low to take full advantage of the rich chemical information contained in the MR signal. Hyperpolarisation techniques have recently emerged as methods to overcome the sensitivity limitations by enhancing the MR signal by many orders of magnitude compared to the thermal equilibrium, enabling a new class of metabolic and molecular X-nuclei based MR tracers capable of reporting on metabolic processes at the cellular level. These hyperpolarised (HP) tracers have the potential to elucidate the complex metabolic processes of many organs and pathologies, with studies so far focusing on the fields of oncology and cardiology. This review presents an overview of hyperpolarisation techniques that appear most promising for clinical use today, such as dissolution dynamic nuclear polarisation (d-DNP), parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarisation (PHIP), Brute force hyperpolarisation and spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP), before discussing methods for tracer detection, emerging metabolic tracers and applications and progress in preclinical and clinical application.

Description

Keywords

DNP, Hyperpolarisation, Imaging, Magnetic resonance imaging MRI, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRS, Metabolic imaging, Molecular imaging, Parahydrogen, Xenon, Biosensing Techniques, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Metabolism, Molecular Imaging, Oxidation-Reduction

Journal Title

Mol Imaging Biol

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1536-1632
1860-2002

Volume Title

20

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Sponsorship
Cancer Research Uk (None)
Prostate Cancer UK (PA14-012)
Evelyn Trust (project ref 15/37)
Multiple Sclerosis Society (35)
European Commission Horizon 2020 (H2020) Marie Sk?odowska-Curie actions (642773)
Cancer Research Uk (None)