Emergence of the London Millennium Bridge instability without synchronisation.
| cam.depositDate | 2021-12-20 | |
| cam.issuedOnline | 2021-12-10 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Belykh, Igor | |
| dc.contributor.author | Bocian, Mateusz | |
| dc.contributor.author | Champneys, Alan R | |
| dc.contributor.author | Daley, Kevin | |
| dc.contributor.author | Jeter, Russell | |
| dc.contributor.author | Macdonald, John HG | |
| dc.contributor.author | McRobie, Allan | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Belykh, Igor [0000-0002-5683-0754] | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Bocian, Mateusz [0000-0002-3539-5474] | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Daley, Kevin [0000-0003-2652-1675] | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Macdonald, John HG [0000-0002-8950-6678] | |
| dc.contributor.orcid | McRobie, Allan [0000-0002-6610-5927] | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-12-21T00:32:43Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-12-21T00:32:43Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-12-10 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2021-12-20T10:38:44Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | The pedestrian-induced instability of the London Millennium Bridge is a widely used example of Kuramoto synchronisation. Yet, reviewing observational, experimental, and modelling evidence, we argue that increased coherence of pedestrians' foot placement is a consequence of, not a cause of the instability. Instead, uncorrelated pedestrians produce positive feedback, through negative damping on average, that can initiate significant lateral bridge vibration over a wide range of natural frequencies. We present a simple general formula that quantifies this effect, and illustrate it through simulation of three mathematical models, including one with strong propensity for synchronisation. Despite subtle effects of gait strategies in determining precise instability thresholds, our results show that average negative damping is always the trigger. More broadly, we describe an alternative to Kuramoto theory for emergence of coherent oscillations in nature; collective contributions from incoherent agents need not cancel, but can provide positive feedback on average, leading to global limit-cycle motion. | |
| dc.format.medium | Electronic | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.17863/CAM.79107 | |
| dc.identifier.eissn | 2041-1723 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2041-1723 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/331656 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher | Springer Science and Business Media LLC | |
| dc.publisher.department | Department of Engineering | |
| dc.rights | Attribution 4.0 International | |
| dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
| dc.title | Emergence of the London Millennium Bridge instability without synchronisation. | |
| dc.type | Article | |
| dcterms.dateAccepted | 2021-11-26 | |
| prism.issueIdentifier | 1 | |
| prism.number | 7223 | |
| prism.publicationDate | 2021 | |
| prism.publicationName | Nat Commun | |
| prism.startingPage | 7223 | |
| prism.volume | 12 | |
| pubs.licence-display-name | Apollo Repository Deposit Licence Agreement | |
| pubs.licence-identifier | apollo-deposit-licence-2-1 | |
| rioxxterms.type | Journal Article/Review | |
| rioxxterms.version | VoR | |
| rioxxterms.versionofrecord | 10.1038/s41467-021-27568-y |
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