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Evidence for sodium valproate toxicity in mitochondrial diseases: a systematic analysis.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine whether sodium valproate (VPA) should be contraindicated in all mitochondrial diseases, due to known VPA-induced severe hepatotoxicity in some mitochondrial diseases. METHODS: We systematically reviewed the published literature for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and common nuclear genotypes of mitochondrial diseases using PubMed, Ovid Embase, Ovid Medline and MitoPhen databases. We extracted patient-level data from peer-reviewed articles, published until July 2022, using the Human Phenotype Ontology to manually code clinical presentations for 156 patients with genetic diagnoses from 90 publications. RESULTS: There were no fatal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the mtDNA disease group (35 patients), and only 1 out of 54 patients with a non-POLG mitochondrial disease developed acute liver failure. There were fatal outcomes in 53/102 (52%) POLG VPA-exposed patients who all harboured recessive mutations. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm the high risk of severe ADRs in any patient with recessive POLG variants irrespective of the phenotype, and therefore recommend that VPA is contraindicated in this group. However, there was limited evidence of toxicity to support a similar recommendation in other genotypes of mitochondrial diseases.

Description

Keywords

EPILEPSY, GENETICS, MITOCHONDRIAL DISORDERS, NEUROGENETICS, NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Journal Title

BMJ Neurol Open

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2632-6140
2632-6140

Volume Title

Publisher

BMJ Publishing Group
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (212219/Z/18/Z)
MRC (MR/S035699/1)
MRC (MR/V009346/1)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
Wellcome Trust (via Imperial College London) (224486/Z/21/Z)
R.H. is a Wellcome Trust Investigator (109915/Z/15/Z), who receives support from the Medical Research Council (UK) (MR/V009346/1), the Addenbrookes Charitable Trust (G100142), the Evelyn Trust, the Stoneygate Trust, the Lily Foundation, Action for AT and an MRC strategic award to establish an International Centre for Genomic Medicine in Neuromuscular Diseases (ICGNMD) MR/S005021/1. P.F.C is a Wellcome Principal Research Fellow (212219/Z/18/Z), and a UK NIHR Senior Investigator, who receives support from a Wellcome Collaborative Award (224486/Z/21/Z), the Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit (MC_UU_00028/7), the Medical Research Council (MRC) International Centre for Genomic Medicine in Neuromuscular Disease (MR/S005021/1), the Leverhulme Trust (RPG-2018-408), an MRC research grant (MR/S035699/1), an Alzheimer's Society Project Grant (AS-PG-18b-022). This research was supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.