This thesis explores the right-wing political radicalisation of a generation of young intellectuals in interwar Romania. Using the cases of famous figures such as Mircea Eliade and Emil Cioran, as well as of lesser-known individuals such as Mihail Polihroniade, this work tells the story of one generation’s journey from the avant-garde of European culture to fascism. They came of age in a cultural environment which was saturated with reactionary ideas that pushed back against the liberal legacy of the 1848 revolutionaries. Their political radicalisation began in the lecture halls of Romanian universities, where charismatic professors preached exalted nationalism. The milieus and networks to which these intellectuals belonged facilitated political socialisation. Newspaper offices, in particular, were spaces for the production and dissemination of right-wing ideology, as well as for the creation of key mentorship relations. Through their foreign trips and studies abroad, fresh university graduates became acquainted with new political currents, including Italian Fascism and German National-Socialism. The ideological eclecticism of the Legion of the Archangel St. Michael, interwar Romania’s main fascist organisation, afforded space within the movement for individuals with distinct interests, backgrounds, and political temperaments. The Legion welcomed the social radicalism of Mihail Polihroniade, the nihilistic nationalism of Emil Cioran, as well as the egocentric mysticism of Mircea Eliade. Many of these intellectuals lived their fascism away from the violence of street battles, supporting the Legion’s cause through written and spoken propaganda. They bestowed prestige and legitimacy upon this fascist organisation, contributing to its short-lived political success in 1940-1941. The Second World War constituted the twilight of the fascist experiment and, for most of the main characters in this story, death, exile, or imprisonment ensued. Many of these intellectuals struggled to come to terms during the postwar period with the consequences of their political commitments, in particular the Holocaust. Though totalitarian temptations haunted much of Europe throughout the 20th century, the case of the young Romanian intellectuals and of their support for a radical right-wing movement is exceptional.