Repository logo
 

Three-dimensional visualization of the interaction of a vortex ring with a stratified interface

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Dalziel, SB 

Abstract

The study of vortex-ring-induced stratified mixing has long played a key role in understanding externally forced stratified turbulent mixing. While several studies have investigated the dynamical evolution of such a system, this study presents an experimental investigation of the mechanical evolution of these vortex rings, including the stratification-modified three-dimensional instability. The aim of this paper is to understand how vortex rings induce mixing of the density field. We begin with a discussion of the Reynolds and Richardson number dependence of the vortex-ring interaction using two-dimensional particle image velocimetry measurements. Then, through the use of modern imaging techniques, we reconstruct from an experiment the full three-dimensional time-resolved velocity field of a vortex ring interacting with a stratified interface. This work agrees with many of the previous two-dimensional experimental studies, while providing insight into the three-dimensional instabilities of the system. Observations indicate that the three-dimensional instability has a similar wavenumber to that found for the unstratified vortex-ring instability at later times. We determine that the time scale associated with this instability growth has an inverse Richardson number dependence. Thus, the time scale associated with the instability is different from the time scale of interface recovery, possibly explaining the significant drop in mixing efficiency at low Richardson numbers. The structure of the underlying instability is a simple displacement mode of the vorticity field.

Description

Keywords

stratified flows, vortex instability

Journal Title

Journal of Fluid Mechanics

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0022-1120
1469-7645

Volume Title

820

Publisher

Cambridge University Press
Sponsorship
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/K034529/1)
Support for this work was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and through the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). Additional support has been provided by the EPSRC Mathematical Underpinnings of Stratified Turbulence grant EP/K034529/1.
Relationships
Is supplemented by: