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Near-Field Optical Drilling of Sub-λ Pits in Thin Polymer Films

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

Ding, T 
Mertens, J 
Baumberg, JJ 

Abstract

Under UV illumination, polymer films can undergo chain scission and contract. Using this effect, tightly focused laser light is shown to develop runaway near-field concentration that drills sub-100 nm pits through a thin film. This subwavelength photolithography can be controlled in real time by monitoring laser scatter from the evolving holes, allowing systematic control of the void diameter. Our model shows how interference between the substrate and film together with near-field focusing by the evolving crevice directs this formation and predicts minimum pit sizes in films of 100 nm thickness on gold substrates. The smallest features so far are 60 nm diameter pits using 447 nm light focused onto polystyrene through a ×100 objective (NA = 0.8). Such arrays of pits can be easily used as masks for fabricating more complex nanostructures, such as plasmonic nanostructures and biomicrofluidic devices. This demonstration shows the potential for harnessing near-field feedback in optical direct-writing for nanofabrication.

Description

Keywords

crevices, diffraction limit, photodegradation, photolithography, polystyrene

Journal Title

ACS Photonics

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2330-4022
2330-4022

Volume Title

4

Publisher

American Chemical Society
Sponsorship
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/K028510/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/G060649/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L027151/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/N016920/1)
European Research Council (320503)
This research is supported by UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Grants EP/G060649/1, EP/N016920/1, and EP/L027151/1, ERC Grant LINASS 320503, and Leverhulme Trust (ECF-2016-606). R.C. acknowledges support from the Dr. Manmohan Singh scholarship from St John’s College, University of Cambridge.
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