Activity and Connectivity Differences Underlying Inhibitory Control Across the Adult Life Span.
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Authors
Ye, Zheng
Treder, Matthias S
Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience
Publication Date
2018-09-05Journal Title
J Neurosci
ISSN
0270-6474
Publisher
Society for Neuroscience
Volume
38
Issue
36
Pages
7887-7900
Language
eng
Type
Article
This Version
AM
Physical Medium
Print-Electronic
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Tsvetanov, K. A., Ye, Z., Hughes, L., Samu, D., Treder, M. S., Wolpe, N., Tyler, L., et al. (2018). Activity and Connectivity Differences Underlying Inhibitory Control Across the Adult Life Span.. J Neurosci, 38 (36), 7887-7900. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2919-17.2018
Abstract
Inhibitory control requires precise regulation of activity and connectivity within multiple brain networks. Previous studies have typically evaluated age-related changes in regional activity or changes in interregional interactions. Instead, we test the hypothesis that activity and connectivity make distinct, complementary contributions to performance across the life span and the maintenance of successful inhibitory control systems. A representative sample of healthy human adults in a large, population-based life span cohort performed an integrated Stop-Signal (SS)/No-Go task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (n = 119; age range, 18-88 years). Individual differences in inhibitory control were measured in terms of the SS reaction time (SSRT), using the blocked integration method. Linear models and independent components analysis revealed that individual differences in SSRT correlated with both activity and connectivity in a distributed inhibition network, comprising prefrontal, premotor, and motor regions. Importantly, this pattern was moderated by age, such that the association between inhibitory control and connectivity, but not activity, differed with age. Multivariate statistics and out-of-sample validation tests of multifactorial functional organization identified differential roles of activity and connectivity in determining an individual's SSRT across the life span. We propose that age-related differences in adaptive cognitive control are best characterized by the joint consideration of multifocal activity and connectivity within distributed brain networks. These insights may facilitate the development of new strategies to support cognitive ability in old age.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The preservation of cognitive and motor control is crucial for maintaining well being across the life span. We show that such control is determined by both activity and connectivity within distributed brain networks. In a large, population-based cohort, we used a novel whole-brain multivariate approach to estimate the functional components of inhibitory control, in terms of their activity and connectivity. Both activity and connectivity in the inhibition network changed with age. But only the association between performance and connectivity, not activity, differed with age. The results suggest that adaptive control is best characterized by the joint consideration of multifocal activity and connectivity. These insights may facilitate the development of new strategies to maintain cognitive ability across the life span in health and disease.
Keywords
Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience, Brain, Nerve Net, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain Mapping, Individuality, Reaction Time, Neuropsychological Tests, Aging, Longevity, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Executive Function, Inhibition, Psychological
Sponsorship
James S McDonnell Foundation (220020289)
Wellcome Trust (103838/Z/14/Z)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/H008217/1)
Medical Research Council (MC_U105597119)
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00005/12)
Embargo Lift Date
2100-01-01
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2919-17.2018
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/280491
Rights
Licence:
http://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
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