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Interleaving anomalies in collaborative text editors

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Conference Object

Change log

Authors

Mulligan, DP 
Gomes, VBF 
Beresford, AR 

Abstract

Collaborative text editors allow two or more users to concurrently edit a shared document without merge conflicts. Such systems require an algorithm to provide convergence, ensuring all clients that have seen the same set of document edits are in the same state. Unfortunately convergence alone does not guarantee that a collaborative text editor is usable. Several published algorithms for collaborative text editing exhibit an undesirable anomaly in which concurrently inserted portions of text with a well-defined order may be randomly interleaved on a character-by-character basis, resulting in an unreadable jumble of letters. Although this anomaly appears to be known informally by some researchers in the field, we are not aware of any published work that fully explains or addresses it. We show that several algorithms suffer from this problem, explain its cause, and also identify a lesser variant of the anomaly that occurs in another algorithm. Moreover, we propose a specification of collaborative text editing that rules out the anomaly, and show how to prevent the lesser anomaly from occurring in one particular algorithm.

Description

Keywords

CRDTs, collaborative text editing, specification, consistency

Journal Title

Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2019

Conference Name

EuroSys '19: Fourteenth EuroSys Conference 2019

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

ACM
Sponsorship
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/K008528/1)
The Boeing Company and EPSRC “REMS: Rigorous Engineering for Mainstream Systems” programme grant (EP/K008528).
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