The Evolution of the Role of External Ventricular Drainage in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Abstract

External ventricular drains (EVDs) are commonly used in neurosurgery in different entities but frequently in the management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) to monitor and/or control intracranial pressure (ICP) by diverting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The effectiveness, as a therapeutic ICP-lowering procedure in contemporary practice remains unclear. No consensus has been reached regarding the drainage strategy and optimal timing of insertion. We review the literature on EVDs in the setting of TBI, discussing its clinical indications, surgical technique, complications, clinical outcomes and economic considerations.