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Addictions NeuroImaging Assessment (ANIA): Towards an integrative framework for alcohol use disorder.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Grodin, Erica 
Morris, Laurel 
Doñamayor, Nuria 

Abstract

Alcohol misuse and addiction are major international public health issues. Addiction can be characterized as a disorder of aberrant neurocircuitry interacting with environmental, genetic and social factors. Neuroimaging in alcohol misuse can thus provide a critical window into underlying neural mechanisms, highlighting possible treatment targets and acting as clinical biomarkers for predicting risk and treatment outcomes. This neuroimaging review on alcohol misuse in humans follows the Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment (ANA) that proposes incorporating three functional neuroscience domains integral to the neurocircuitry of addiction: incentive salience and habits, negative emotional states, and executive function within the context of the addiction cycle. Here we review and integrate multiple imaging modalities focusing on underlying cognitive processes such as reward anticipation, negative emotionality, cue reactivity, impulsivity, compulsivity and executive function. We highlight limitations in the literature and propose a model forward in the use of neuroimaging as a tool to understanding underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applicability for phenotyping of heterogeneity and predicting risk and treatment outcomes.

Description

Keywords

Alcohol dependence, Alcohol use disorder, Binge drinking, MRI, Neuroimaging, PET, Alcoholism, Behavior, Addictive, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Motivation, Neuroimaging

Journal Title

Neurosci Biobehav Rev

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0149-7634
1873-7528

Volume Title

113

Publisher

Elsevier BV
Sponsorship
Medical Research Council (MR/P008747/1)