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K2-111: An old system with two planets in near-resonance

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Zapatero Osorio, MR 
Malavolta, L 
Alibert, Y 
Rice, K 

Abstract

This paper reports on the detailed characterisation of the K2-111 planetary system with K2, WASP, and ASAS-SN photometry as well as high-resolution spectroscopic data from HARPS-N and ESPRESSO. The host, K2-111, is confirmed to be a mildly evolved (logg=4.17), iron-poor ([Fe/H]=−0.46), but alpha-enhanced ([α/Fe]=0.27), chromospherically quiet, very old thick disc G2 star. A global fit, performed by using PyORBIT shows that the transiting planet, K2-111b, orbits with a period Pb=5.3518±0.0004 d, and has a planet radius of 1.82−0.09+0.11 R and a mass of 5.29−0.77+0.76 M, resulting in a bulk density slightly lower than that of the Earth. The stellar chemical composition and the planet properties are consistent with K2-111b being a terrestrial planet with an iron core mass fraction lower than the Earth. We announce the existence of a second signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a non-transiting planet, K2-111c, with an orbital period of 15.6785±0.0064 days, orbiting in near-3:1 mean-motion resonance with the transiting planet, and a minimum planet mass of 11.3±1.1 M. Both planet signals are independently detected in the HARPS-N and ESPRESSO data when fitted separately. There are potentially more planets in this resonant system, but more well-sampled data are required to confirm their presence and physical parameters.

Description

Keywords

techniques: photometric, techniques: radial velocities, techniques: spectroscopic, planets and satellites: detection, stars: individual (K2-111)

Journal Title

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0035-8711
1365-2966

Volume Title

499

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Rights

All rights reserved