How to specify healthcare process improvements collaboratively using rapid, remote consensus-building: a framework and a case study of its application.
Published version
Peer-reviewed
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Repository DOI
Change log
Authors
van der Scheer, Jan W https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4368-0355
Woodward, Matthew https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4249-1947
Ansari, Akbar
Draycott, Tim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-4864
Winter, Cathy
Abstract
Background
Practical methods for facilitating process improvement are needed to support high quality, safe care. How best to specify (identify and define) process improvements - the changes that need to be made in a healthcare process - remains a key question. Methods for doing so collaboratively, rapidly and remotely offer much potential, but are under-developed. We propose an approach for engaging diverse stakeholders remotely in a consensus-building exercise to help specify improvements in a healthcare process, and we illustrate the approach in a case study.Methods
Organised in a five-step framework, our proposed approach is informed by a participatory ethos, crowdsourcing and consensus-building methods: (1) define scope and objective of the process improvement; (2) produce a draft or prototype of the proposed process improvement specification; (3) identify participant recruitment strategy; (4) design and conduct a remote consensus-building exercise; (5) produce a final specification of the process improvement in light of learning from the exercise. We tested the approach in a case study that sought to specify process improvements for the management of obstetric emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used a brief video showing a process for managing a post-partum haemorrhage in women with COVID-19 to elicit recommendations on how the process could be improved. Two Delphi rounds were then conducted to reach consensus.Results
We gathered views from 105 participants, with a background in maternity care (n = 36), infection prevention and control (n = 17), or human factors (n = 52). The participants initially generated 818 recommendations for how to improve the process illustrated in the video, which we synthesised into a set of 22 recommendations. The consensus-building exercise yielded a final set of 16 recommendations. These were used to inform the specification of process improvements for managing the obstetric emergency and develop supporting resources, including an updated video.Conclusions
The proposed methodological approach enabled the expertise and ingenuity of diverse stakeholders to be captured and mobilised to specify process improvements in an area of pressing service need. This approach has the potential to address current challenges in process improvement, but will require further evaluation.Description
Keywords
Obstetrics, Postpartum Haemorrhage, Professional Practice, Delphi Technique, Best Practices, Consensus Development, Consensus-building, Covid-19
Journal Title
BMC medical research methodology
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Journal ISSN
1471-2288
Volume Title
21
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Sponsorship
Health Foundation (This project was supported by the Health Foundation's grant to the University of Cambridge for The Healthcare Improvement Studies (THIS) Institute.)