Risk Factors for Severe Outcomes in Patients With Systemic Vasculitis and COVID-19: A Binational, Registry-Based Cohort Study.
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Authors
Scott, Jennifer
Karabayas, Maira
Gray, David
Barrett, Joe
Brix, Silke R
Smith, Rona M
Geddes, Colin C
Jayne, David
Luqmani, Raashid
Salama, Alan D
Little, Mark A
UK and Ireland Vasculitis Rare Disease Group (UKIVAS)
Publication Date
2021-09Journal Title
Arthritis Rheumatol
ISSN
2326-5191
Publisher
Wiley
Volume
73
Issue
9
Pages
1713-1719
Language
eng
Type
Article
This Version
VoR
Physical Medium
Print-Electronic
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Rutherford, M. A., Scott, J., Karabayas, M., Antonelou, M., Gopaluni, S., Gray, D., Barrett, J., et al. (2021). Risk Factors for Severe Outcomes in Patients With Systemic Vasculitis and COVID-19: A Binational, Registry-Based Cohort Study.. Arthritis Rheumatol, 73 (9), 1713-1719. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.41728
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease with a broad spectrum of clinical severity. Patients with systemic vasculitis have an increased risk of serious infections and may be at risk of severe outcomes following COVID-19. We undertook this study to establish the risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes in these patients, including the impact of immunosuppressive therapies. METHODS: A multicenter cohort was developed through the participation of centers affiliated with national UK and Ireland vasculitis registries. Clinical characteristics and outcomes are described. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between potential risk factors and a severe COVID-19 outcome, defined as a requirement for advanced oxygen therapy, a requirement for invasive ventilation, or death. RESULTS: The cohort included 65 patients with systemic vasculitis who developed COVID-19 (median age 70 years, 49% women), of whom 25 patients (38%) experienced a severe outcome. Most patients (55 of 65 [85%]) had antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). Almost all patients required hospitalization (59 of 65 [91%]), 7 patients (11%) were admitted to intensive care, and 18 patients (28%) died. Background glucocorticoid therapy was associated with severe outcomes (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.7 [95% confidence interval 1.1-14.9]; P = 0.047), as was comorbid respiratory disease (adjusted OR 7.5 [95% confidence interval 1.9-38.2]; P = 0.006). Vasculitis disease activity and nonglucocorticoid immunosuppressive therapy were not associated with severe outcomes. CONCLUSION: In patients with systemic vasculitis, glucocorticoid use at presentation and comorbid respiratory disease were associated with severe outcomes in COVID-19. These data can inform clinical decision-making relating to the risk of severe COVID-19 in this vulnerable patient group.
Keywords
UK and Ireland Vasculitis Rare Disease Group (UKIVAS), Humans, Respiratory Tract Diseases, Immunosuppressive Agents, Glucocorticoids, Respiration, Artificial, Hospitalization, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy, Severity of Illness Index, Registries, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Comorbidity, Aged, Middle Aged, Intensive Care Units, Female, Male, Systemic Vasculitis, Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/art.41728
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/330648
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Licence URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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