The influenza virus RNA polymerase as an innate immune agonist and antagonist.
Publication Date
2021-12Journal Title
Cell Mol Life Sci
ISSN
1420-682X
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Volume
78
Issue
23
Pages
7237-7256
Language
en
Type
Article
This Version
VoR
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Elshina, E., & Te Velthuis, A. J. (2021). The influenza virus RNA polymerase as an innate immune agonist and antagonist.. Cell Mol Life Sci, 78 (23), 7237-7256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-021-03957-w
Abstract
Influenza A viruses cause a mild-to-severe respiratory disease that affects millions of people each year. One of the many determinants of disease outcome is the innate immune response to the viral infection. While antiviral responses are essential for viral clearance, excessive innate immune activation promotes lung damage and disease. The influenza A virus RNA polymerase is one of viral proteins that affect innate immune activation during infection, but the mechanisms behind this activity are not well understood. In this review, we discuss how the viral RNA polymerase can both activate and suppress innate immune responses by either producing immunostimulatory RNA species or directly targeting the components of the innate immune signalling pathway, respectively. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive overview of the polymerase residues, and their mutations, associated with changes in innate immune activation, and discuss their putative effects on polymerase function based on recent advances in our understanding of the influenza A virus RNA polymerase structure.
Keywords
Review, RIG-I, mvRNA, DVG, RdRp, Innate immune response, PB1, PB2, PA, IFN
Sponsorship
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council scholarship EP/ S515322/1
National Institutes of Health grant R21AI147172
Funder references
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/S515322/1)
National Institutes of Health (NIH) (1R21AI147172-01)
Wellcome Trust (206579/Z/17/Z)
Identifiers
s00018-021-03957-w, 3957
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-021-03957-w
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/331467
Rights
Licence:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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