A novel role for gag as a cis-acting element regulating RNA structure, dimerization and packaging in HIV-1 lentiviral vectors.
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Publication Date
2022-01-11Journal Title
Nucleic Acids Res
ISSN
0305-1048
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Volume
50
Issue
1
Pages
430-448
Language
eng
Type
Article
This Version
VoR
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Vamva, E., Griffiths, A., Vink, C. A., Lever, A. M., & Kenyon, J. C. (2022). A novel role for gag as a cis-acting element regulating RNA structure, dimerization and packaging in HIV-1 lentiviral vectors.. Nucleic Acids Res, 50 (1), 430-448. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab1206
Description
Funder: Philosophical Society of Cambridge
Funder: Darwin College
Funder: Homerton College
Funder: University of Cambridge
Funder: Clinical Academic Reserve
Abstract
Clinical usage of lentiviral vectors is now established and increasing but remains constrained by vector titer with RNA packaging being a limiting factor. Lentiviral vector RNA is packaged through specific recognition of the packaging signal on the RNA by the viral structural protein Gag. We investigated structurally informed modifications of the 5' leader and gag RNA sequences in which the extended packaging signal lies, to attempt to enhance the packaging process by facilitating vector RNA dimerization, a process closely linked to packaging. We used in-gel SHAPE to study the structures of these mutants in an attempt to derive structure-function correlations that could inform optimized vector RNA design. In-gel SHAPE of both dimeric and monomeric species of RNA revealed a previously unreported direct interaction between the U5 region of the HIV-1 leader and the downstream gag sequences. Our data suggest a structural equilibrium exists in the dimeric viral RNA between a metastable structure that includes a U5-gag interaction and a more stable structure with a U5-AUG duplex. Our data provide clarification for the previously unexplained requirement for the 5' region of gag in enhancing genomic RNA packaging and provide a basis for design of optimized HIV-1 based vectors.
Sponsorship
EV was supported by a grant from the BBSRC (BB/N503708/1 to AMLL and CV) and received personal support from Darwin College, the University of Cambridge trust and the Philosophical society of Cambridge. JCK received personal support from Homerton College. AMLL is supported by the Clinical Academic Reserve and his laboratory by the NIHR Cambridge BRC (Grant RCAG/18).
Funder references
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/N503708/1)
Identifiers
34928383, PMC8754630
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab1206
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/333324
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