Cognitive function in early-phase schizophrenia-spectrum disorder: IQ subtypes, brain volume and immune markers.
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Authors
Giordano, Annalisa
Suckling, John
Barnes, Thomas RE
Husain, Nusrat
Jones, Peter B
Krynicki, Carl R
Lawrie, Stephen M
Lewis, Shôn
Nikkheslat, Naghmeh
Pariante, Carmine M
Upthegrove, Rachel
Deakin, Bill
Dazzan, Paola
Joyce, Eileen M
Publication Date
2022-02-18Journal Title
Psychol Med
ISSN
0033-2917
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Pages
1-10
Type
Article
This Version
AM
Physical Medium
Print-Electronic
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Watson, A. J., Giordano, A., Suckling, J., Barnes, T. R., Husain, N., Jones, P. B., Krynicki, C. R., et al. (2022). Cognitive function in early-phase schizophrenia-spectrum disorder: IQ subtypes, brain volume and immune markers.. Psychol Med, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721004815
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that cognitive subtypes exist in schizophrenia that may reflect different neurobiological trajectories. We aimed to identify whether IQ-derived cognitive subtypes are present in early-phase schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and examine their relationship with brain structure and markers of neuroinflammation. METHOD: 161 patients with recent-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorder (<5 years) were recruited. Estimated premorbid and current IQ were calculated using the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading and a 4-subtest WAIS-III. Cognitive subtypes were identified with k-means clustering. Freesurfer was used to analyse 3.0 T MRI. Blood samples were analysed for hs-CRP, IL-1RA, IL-6 and TNF-α. RESULTS: Three subtypes were identified indicating preserved (PIQ), deteriorated (DIQ) and compromised (CIQ) IQ. Absolute total brain volume was significantly smaller in CIQ compared to PIQ and DIQ, and intracranial volume was smaller in CIQ than PIQ (F(2, 124) = 6.407, p = 0.002) indicative of premorbid smaller brain size in the CIQ group. CIQ had higher levels of hs-CRP than PIQ (F(2, 131) = 5.01, p = 0.008). PIQ showed differentially impaired processing speed and verbal learning compared to IQ-matched healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: The findings add validity of a neurodevelopmental subtype of schizophrenia identified by comparing estimated premorbid and current IQ and characterised by smaller premorbid brain volume and higher measures of low-grade inflammation (CRP).
Keywords
Cognition, inflammation, neuroimaging, psychosis, schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, subtypes
Sponsorship
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) via Comprehensive Local Research Network (CLRN) (10411)
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721004815
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/334526
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Licence URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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