Unveiling the interaction mechanisms of electron and X-ray radiation with halide perovskite semiconductors using scanning nano-probe diffraction
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Authors
Orri, Jordi Ferrer
Doherty, Tiarnan AS
Johnstone, Duncan
Collins, Sean M
Simons, Hugh
Midgley, Paul A
Stranks, Samuel D
Journal Title
Advanced Materials
Publisher
Wiley
Type
Article
This Version
AM
Later Version(s)
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Orri, J. F., Doherty, T. A., Johnstone, D., Collins, S. M., Simons, H., Midgley, P. A., Ducati, C., & et al. Unveiling the interaction mechanisms of electron and X-ray radiation
with halide perovskite semiconductors using scanning nano-probe diffraction. Advanced Materials https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.82415
Abstract
The interaction of high-energy electrons and X-ray photons with soft
semiconductors such as halide perovskites is essential for the characterisation
and understanding of these optoelectronic materials. Using nano-probe
diffraction techniques, which can investigate physical properties on the
nanoscale, we perform studies of the interaction of electron and X-ray
radiation with state-of-the-art
(FA$_{0.79}$MA$_{0.16}$Cs$_{0.05}$)Pb(I$_{0.83}$Br$_{0.17}$)$_3$ hybrid halide
perovskite films (FA, formamidinium; MA, methylammonium). We track the changes
in the local crystal structure as a function of fluence using scanning electron
diffraction and synchrotron nano X-ray diffraction techniques. We identify
perovskite grains from which additional reflections, corresponding to PbBr$_2$,
appear as a crystalline degradation phase after fluences of ~200
e$^-${\AA}$^{-2}$. These changes are concomitant with the formation of small
PbI$_2$ crystallites at the adjacent high-angle grain boundaries, with the
formation of pinholes, and with a phase transition from tetragonal to cubic. A
similar degradation pathway is caused by photon irradiation in nano-X-ray
diffraction, suggesting common underlying mechanisms. Our approach explores the
radiation limits of these materials and provides a description of the
degradation pathways on the nanoscale. Addressing high-angle grain boundaries
will be critical for the further improvement of halide polycrystalline film
stability, especially for applications vulnerable to high-energy radiation such
as space photovoltaics.
Keywords
cond-mat.mtrl-sci, cond-mat.mtrl-sci, physics.app-ph
Relationships
Is supplemented by: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.82486
Sponsorship
EP/L015978/1
HYPERION, grant agreement no. 756962
UF150033
EP/R023980/1
CAM-IES, EP/P007767/1
ePSIC (MG25250)
Diamond Light Source (SP-20420)
Embargo Lift Date
2023-03-14
Identifiers
This record's DOI: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.82415
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/334977
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