Unveiling the interaction mechanisms of electron and X-ray radiation with halide perovskite semiconductors using scanning nano-probe diffraction
Authors
Doherty, Tiarnan
Johnstone, Duncan
Collins, Sean
Simons, Hugh
Midgley, Paul A
Stranks, Samuel D
Publication Date
2022-05Journal Title
Advanced Materials
ISSN
0935-9648
Publisher
Wiley
Language
en
Type
Article
This Version
AO
VoR
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Ferrer Orri, J., Doherty, T., Johnstone, D., Collins, S., Simons, H., Midgley, P. A., Ducati, C., & et al. (2022). Unveiling the interaction mechanisms of electron and X-ray radiation with halide perovskite semiconductors using scanning nano-probe diffraction. Advanced Materials https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202200383
Description
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
Funder: National University of Ireland Travelling Studentship
Funder: European Research Council; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781
Abstract
The interaction of high-energy electrons and X-ray photons with beam-sensitive semiconductors such as halide perovskites is essential for the characterisation and understanding of these optoelectronic materials. Using nano-probe diffraction techniques, which can investigate physical properties on the nanoscale, we perform studies of the interaction of electron and X-ray radiation with state-of-the-art (FA0.79MA0.16Cs0.05)Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 hybrid halide perovskite films (FA, formamidinium; MA, methylammonium). We track the changes in the local crystal structure as a function of fluence using scanning electron diffraction and synchrotron nano X-ray diffraction techniques. We identify perovskite grains from which additional reflections, corresponding to PbBr2, appear as a crystalline degradation phase after fluences of ~200 e-Å-2. These changes are concomitant with the formation of small PbI2 crystallites at the adjacent high-angle grain boundaries, with the formation of pinholes, and with a phase transition from tetragonal to cubic. A similar degradation pathway is caused by photon irradiation in nano-X-ray diffraction, suggesting common underlying mechanisms. Our approach explores the radiation limits of these materials and provides a description of the degradation pathways on the nanoscale. Addressing high-angle grain boundaries will be critical for the further improvement of halide polycrystalline film stability, especially for applications vulnerable to high-energy radiation such as space photovoltaics.
Keywords
Research Article, Research Articles, high‐energy beam damage, lead halide perovskites, nano‐X‐ray diffraction, nanoprobe diffraction, scanning electron diffraction
Sponsorship
EP/L015978/1
HYPERION, grant agreement no. 756962
UF150033
EP/R023980/1
CAM-IES, EP/P007767/1
ePSIC (MG25250)
Diamond Light Source (SP-20420)
Funder references
EPSRC (2123952)
Royal Society (UF150033)
European Research Council (756962)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/R023980/1)
Leverhulme Trust (RPG-2021-191)
EPSRC (Unknown)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L015978/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/P007767/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/W004445/1)
Identifiers
adma202200383
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202200383
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/335657
Rights
Licence:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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