Non-coding genetic variation in regulatory elements determines thrombosis and hemostasis phenotypes.
Publication Date
2022-08Journal Title
J Thromb Haemost
ISSN
1538-7933
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Language
en
Type
Article
This Version
AO
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Stefanucci, L., & Frontini, M. (2022). Non-coding genetic variation in regulatory elements determines thrombosis and hemostasis phenotypes.. J Thromb Haemost https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.15754
Abstract
Since the early inception of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), it became clear that, in all diseases or traits studied, most genetic variants are likely to exert their effect on gene expression mainly by altering the function of regulatory elements. At the same time, the regulation of the gene expression field broadened its boundaries, from the univocal relationship between regulatory elements and genes to include genome organization, long-range DNA interactions, and epigenetics. Next-generation sequencing has introduced genome-wide approaches that have greatly improved our understanding of the general principles of gene expression. However, elucidating how these apply in every single genomic locus still requires painstaking experimental work, in which several independent lines of evidence are required, and often this is helped by rare genetic variants in individuals with rare diseases. This review will focus on the non-coding features of the genome involved in transcriptional regulation, that when altered, leads to known cases of inherited (familial) thrombotic and hemostatic phenotypes, emphasizing the role of enhancers and super-enhancers.
Keywords
endothelial cells, gene regulation, hemostasis, megakaryocytes, super-enhancer, thrombosis, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Hemostasis, Humans, Phenotype, Thrombosis
Sponsorship
British Heart Foundation (FS/18/53/33863, RE/18/1/34212)
Identifiers
jth15754, jth-2022-00219.r2
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.15754
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/337400
Rights
Licence:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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