A numerical investigation of the role of basements on tunnel-frame interaction in sandy soil

Abstract

This paper investigates the role of basement depth on the response of framed buildings to tunnel construction in sandy soil using finite element modelling. Six frames are considered to explore the influences of tunnel cover depth, building width, eccentricity, and the number of storeys on the role of basement depth. The numerical models adopt the hypoplastic constitute model to simulate the behaviour of the sand. The results suggest that basement depth plays an important role in determining the settlements of the raft foundations and soil displacements due to tunnelling. Its effect on the structural shear distortion primarily depends on the ratio of tunnel depth to building width ( C / B ); an increase in basement depth decreases and increases building maximum shear distortion for C / B < 0.3 and for C / B > 0.35, respectively. The basement considerably increases the shear distortion of short eccentric structures by preventing tilt of the building, causing a divergence from existing empirical envelopes and modification factors for shear distortion. The applicability of the meta-model is extended to the embedded structures by linking the building tilt freedom coefficient with the basement depth parameter, achieving good agreement between the predicted results and calculated data. Limitations and practical implications of the research are briefly discussed.