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Operando single-particle imaging reveals that asymmetric ion flux contributes to capacity degradation in aged Ni-rich layered cathodes

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Peer-reviewed

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Abstract

Using an operando optical scattering technique, we identify markedly asymmetric Li-ion flux in aged single crystalline NMC cathodes, primarily caused by an uneven growth of rocksalt phase across the particle surface.

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Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Umicore for providing the NMC material used in this work and to Dr Jérémie Auvergniot for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Faraday Institution Degradation Project (grant numbers FIRG001 and FIRG024) to C. P. G., A. R., N. A. F., and C. D., and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. A. J. M. acknowledges financial support from the EPSRC Cambridge NanoDTC (EP/L015978/1) and from Newnham College. C. S. acknowledges financial support from the Royal Commission of the Exhibition of 1851. A. R. acknowledges financial support from the EPSRC and the Winton Program for the Physics of Sustainability. This research used resources of the Beamline i11 at Diamond Light Source.


Publication status: Published

Journal Title

Energy and Environmental Science

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Journal ISSN

1754-5692
1754-5706

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Publisher

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Sponsorship
Faraday Institution (FIRG024)
Faraday Institution (FIRG060)
Faraday Institution (Unknown)
Faraday Institution (FIRG001)
Faraday Institution (FIRG001)
Faraday Institution (FIRG001)
Faraday Institution (FIRG001)
Faraday Institution (Unknown)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L015978/1)
The authors are grateful to Umicore for providing the NMC material used in this work and to Dr Jérémie Auvergniot for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Faraday Institution Degradation Project (grant numbers FIRG001 and FIRG024) to C.P.G., A.R., N.A.F., and C.D., and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. A.J.M. acknowledges financial support from the EPSRC Cambridge NanoDTC (EP/L015978/1) and from Newnham College. C.S. acknowledges financial support from the Royal Commission of the Exhibition of 1851. A.R. acknowledges financial support from the EPSRC and the Winton Program for the Physics of Sustainability. This research used resources of the Beamline i11 at Diamond Light Source.