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23Na MRI: inter-reader reproducibility of normal fibroglandular sodium concentration measurements at 3 T.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

McLean, Mary A 
Nanaa, Muzna 
Manavaki, Roido 
Baxter, Gabrielle C 

Abstract

BACKGROUND: To study the reproducibility of 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements from breast tissue in healthy volunteers. METHODS: Using a dual-tuned bilateral 23Na/1H breast coil at 3-T MRI, high-resolution 23Na MRI three-dimensional cones sequences were used to quantify total sodium concentration (TSC) and fluid-attenuated sodium concentration (FASC). B1-corrected TSC and FASC maps were created. Two readers manually measured mean, minimum and maximum TSC and mean FASC values using two sampling methods: large regions of interest (LROIs) and small regions of interest (SROIs) encompassing fibroglandular tissue (FGT) and the highest signal area at the level of the nipple, respectively. The reproducibility of the measurements and correlations between density, age and FGT apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were evaluatedss. RESULTS: Nine healthy volunteers were included. The inter-reader reproducibility of TSC and FASC using SROIs and LROIs was excellent (intraclass coefficient range 0.945-0.979, p < 0.001), except for the minimum TSC LROI measurements (p = 0.369). The mean/minimum LROI TSC and mean LROI FASC values were lower than the respective SROI values (p < 0.001); the maximum LROI TSC values were higher than the SROI TSC values (p = 0.009). TSC correlated inversely with age but not with FGT ADCs. The mean and maximum FGT TSC and FASC values were higher in dense breasts in comparison to non-dense breasts (p < 0.020). CONCLUSIONS: The chosen sampling method and the selected descriptive value affect the measured TSC and FASC values, although the inter-reader reproducibility of the measurements is in general excellent. RELEVANCE STATEMENT: 23Na MRI at 3 T allows the quantification of TSC and FASC sodium concentrations. The sodium measurements should be obtained consistently in a uniform manner. KEY POINTS: • 23Na MRI allows the quantification of total and fluid-attenuated sodium concentrations (TSC/FASC). • Sampling method (large/small region of interest) affects the TSC and FASC values. • Dense breasts have higher TSC and FASC values than non-dense breasts. • The inter-reader reproducibility of TSC and FASC measurements was, in general, excellent. • The results suggest the importance of stratifying the sodium measurements protocol.

Description

Keywords

Breast neoplasms, Healthy volunteers, Magnetic resonance imaging, Reproducibility of results, Sodium, Humans, Female, Reproducibility of Results, Adult, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sodium, Breast, Middle Aged, Sodium Isotopes, Healthy Volunteers, Observer Variation, Young Adult

Journal Title

Eur Radiol Exp

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2509-9280
2509-9280

Volume Title

Publisher

SpringerOpen
Sponsorship
National Institute for Health and Care Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
This work was funded by Cancer Research UK (A25922). The authors would also like to acknowledge the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014). OA is the recipient of grants from the Osk. Huttunen Foundation, Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Relander Foundation, Finnish Medical Foundation, Cancer Foundation Finland, and Orion Research Foundation. The funders had no role in the design of this study, its execution, analyses, interpretation of the data, or the decision to publish the results.