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What indeed can be tested with an instrumental variable?

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Type

Article

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Authors

Abstract

An astronomer, a physicist and a mathematician are on a train in Scotland. The astronomer looks out of the window, sees a black sheep standing in a field, and remarks, “How odd. All the sheep in Scotland are black!” “No, no, no!” says the physicist. “Only some Scottish sheep are black.” The mathematician rolls his eyes at his companions’ muddled thinking and says, “In Scotland, there is at least one sheep, at least one side of which appears to be black from here some of the time”.

Description

Keywords

Data Interpretation, Statistical, Humans, Research Design

Journal Title

European Journal of Epidemiology

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1573-7284
1573-7284

Volume Title

33

Publisher

Springer Nature
Sponsorship
Medical Research Council (MR/L003120/1)
British Heart Foundation (None)
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00002/7)
Wellcome Trust (204623/Z/16/Z)