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The Mechanics of Brow-Suspension Ptosis Repair: A Comparative Study of Fox Pentagon and Crawford Triangle Techniques.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Kwon, Kyung-Ah 
Shipley, Rebecca J 
Edirisinghe, Mohan 
Best, Serena M 
Cameron, Ruth E 

Abstract

PURPOSE: To perform quantitative analysis of the most commonly used brow-suspension configurations. METHODS: The inflection positions for Fox pentagon and Crawford triangle configurations were marked on 49 healthy volunteers (male and female) and photographs taken in 3 states: "normal," "closed," and "raised." The skin marks were measured vectorially with respect to the medial canthus, and displacement changes were evaluated for "normal-to-closed" ("blinking") and from "closed-to-raised" ("eye-opening") states. The distance between a pair of inflection marks, representing the approximate path of sling configurations, were also measured and analyzed in relation to the mechanical properties of a variety of synthetic brow-suspension materials. RESULTS: "Blinking" resulted in the greatest displacement in the medial eyelid incision, resulting in the greatest strain on the line connecting the medial eyelid and medial brow inflections. No significant differences in the strains for individual lines were found between the Fox and Crawford techniques, although the former shows a significantly lower overall strain in the whole loop than the latter. The displacements of some inflections and of the strains of a few lines differed significantly in men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Within the scope of this study, the blinking action was shown to result in the maximum strain of ~40%, which lies within the elastic region of stress-strain curves for some commonly used synthetic brow-suspension materials. No one method was statistically superior, although the Fox pentagon gave a significantly lower overall strain when the sling material was assumed to move somewhat around the inflections within a closed loop.

Description

Keywords

Adult, Aged, Blepharoptosis, Blinking, Eyelids, Female, Forehead, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Suture Techniques

Journal Title

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0740-9303
1537-2677

Volume Title

33

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Sponsorship
EPSRC-UCL Post-doctoral Mobility Award and subsequent funding by the Dean of Engineering Sciences at University College London (UCL). Department of Health funding through the National Institute for Health Research to Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology for a Specialist Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology.
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