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Genetic evidence for a western Chinese origin of broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum).

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cam.issuedOnline2018-09-14
dc.contributor.authorHunt, Harriet V
dc.contributor.authorRudzinski, Anna
dc.contributor.authorJiang, Hongen
dc.contributor.authorWang, Ruiyun
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Mark G
dc.contributor.authorJones, Martin K
dc.contributor.orcidHunt, Harriet V [0000-0003-0075-6660]
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-08T13:59:12Z
dc.date.available2018-10-08T13:59:12Z
dc.date.issued2018-12
dc.description.abstractBroomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) is a key domesticated cereal that has been associated with the north China centre of agricultural origins. Early archaeobotanical evidence for this crop has generated two major debates. First, its contested presence in pre-7000 cal. BP sites in eastern Europe has admitted the possibility of a western origin. Second, its occurrence in the 7th and 8th millennia cal. BP in diverse regions of northern China is consistent with several possible origin foci, associated with different Neolithic cultures. We used microsatellite and granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) genotype data from 341 landrace samples across Eurasia, including 195 newly genotyped samples from China, to address these questions. A spatially explicit discriminative modelling approach favours an eastern Eurasian origin for the expansion of broomcorn millet. This is consistent with recent archaeobotanical and chronological re-evaluations, and stable isotopic data. The same approach, together with the distribution of GBSSI alleles, is also suggestive that the origin of broomcorn millet expansion was in western China. This second unexpected finding stimulates new questions regarding the ecology of wild millet and vegetation dynamics in China prior to the mid-Holocene domestication of millet. The chronological relationship between population expansion and domestication is unclear, but our analyses are consistent with the western Loess Plateau being at least one region of primary domestication of broomcorn millet. Patterns of genetic variation indicate that this region was the source of populations to the west in Eurasia, which broomcorn probably reached via the Inner Asia Mountain Corridor from the 3rd millennium BC. A secondary westward expansion along the steppe may have taken place from the 2nd millennium BC.
dc.description.sponsorshipEuropean Research Council Advanced Investigator award (GA249642, ‘Food Globalization in Prehistory) Marie Curie Initial Training Network (BEAN—Bridging the European and Anatolian Neolithic, GA no. 289966) Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship (Grant: 100719/Z/12/Z). Gerka-Henkel Stiftung (AZ 05/ZA/12), and NSFC (41672171) National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271791) Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (2016-066) China Agriculture Research System (CARS-06-13.5-A16)
dc.format.mediumPrint-Electronic
dc.identifier.doi10.17863/CAM.30497
dc.identifier.eissn1477-0911
dc.identifier.issn0959-6836
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283235
dc.languageeng
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSAGE Publications
dc.publisher.urlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683618798116
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectChina
dc.subjectLoess Plateau
dc.subjectPanicum
dc.subjectagricultural origins
dc.subjectbroomcorn millet
dc.subjectdomestication
dc.subjectearly Holocene
dc.subjectsemi-arid
dc.titleGenetic evidence for a western Chinese origin of broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum).
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.dateAccepted2018-07-27
prism.endingPage1978
prism.issueIdentifier12
prism.publicationDate2018
prism.publicationNameHolocene
prism.startingPage1968
prism.volume28
pubs.funder-project-idEuropean Research Council (249642)
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2018-12
rioxxterms.licenseref.urihttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Review
rioxxterms.versionVoR
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.1177/0959683618798116

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