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Effect of a traffic speed based cruise control on an electric vehicleʼs performance and an energy consumption model of an electric vehicle

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

Kunnappillil Madhusudhanan, Anil 

Abstract

This paper proposes a cruise control system ( CCS ) to improve an electric vehicleʼs range, which is a significant hurdle in market penetration of electric vehicles. A typical driver or a conventional adaptive cruise control ( ACC ) controls an electric vehicle ( EV ) such that it follows a lead vehicle or drives close to the speed limit. This driving behaviour may cause the EV to cruise significantly above the average traffic speed. It may later require the EV to slow down due to the traffic ripples, wasting a part of the EVʼs kinetic energy. In addition, the EV will also waste higher speed dependent dissipative energies, which are spent to overcome the aerodynamic drag force and rolling resistance. This paper proposes a CCS to address this issue. The proposed CCS controls an EVʼs speed such that it prevents the vehicle from speeding significantly above the average traffic speed. In addition, it maintains a safe inter-vehicular distance from the lead vehicle. The design and simulation analysis of the proposed CCS were in a MATLAB simulation environment. The simulation environment includes an energy consumption model of an EV, which was developed using data collected from an electric bus operation in London. In the simulation analysis, the proposed system reduced the EVʼs energy consumption by approximately 36.6% in urban drive cycles and 15.4% in motorway drive cycles. Finally, the experimental analysis using a Nissan e-NV200 on two urban routes showed approximately 30.8% energy savings.

Description

Keywords

Cruise control, electric vehicle (EV), energy, performance, safety, traffic

Journal Title

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2329-9266
2329-9274

Volume Title

7

Publisher

IEEE

Rights

All rights reserved
Sponsorship
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/R035199/1)